| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide-d5 has no direct pharmacological target as an internal standard. The unlabeled compound, 3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide, is the major CYP2C8-catalyzed metabolite of the insulin secretagogue repaglinide. Like repaglinide, it targets the ATP-sensitive potassium (K-ATP) channels on pancreatic beta-cells, closing them to stimulate insulin release. This metabolite contributes to the overall glucose-lowering effect of the parent drug. As a standard, its use is purely analytical.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide-d5 is not used to measure in vitro pharmacological activity. The unlabeled 3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide is an active metabolite, and its potency at the K-ATP channel is studied to assess its contribution to the parent drug's effect. The labeled version is used as an analytical standard to accurately quantify the formation of this active metabolite in cellular systems, such as hepatocytes expressing CYP2C8.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, 3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide is an active and major metabolite of repaglinide. It contributes significantly to the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of the drug. Its formation is highly dependent on CYP2C8 enzyme activity, and thus its concentration in the body is a direct reflection of this pathway. The labeled standard is used to measure its levels in pharmacokinetic studies to understand the drug's clearance, half-life, and potential for drug-drug interactions.
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| Enzyme Assay |
3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide-d5 is used as an internal standard for in vitro assays. For method development, a stock solution is prepared by dissolving the compound in an organic solvent like methanol or acetonitrile. A fixed, known amount of this standard is spiked into biological samples (e.g., plasma, urine, or microsomal incubations) before any sample preparation steps. After extraction, the sample is analyzed by LC-MS/MS, and the signal from the unlabeled 3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide is compared to the signal from the d5-labeled standard.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular experiments, 3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide-d5 is not used as a direct treatment. It is used as an analytical standard to quantify the unlabeled metabolite in cellular samples. For instance, primary human hepatocytes or liver microsomes are incubated with repaglinide. At various time points, the reaction is stopped, and a fixed amount of the labeled standard is added to the sample. The sample is then processed and analyzed by LC-MS to measure the amount of 3'-hydroxy repaglinide formed, providing a measure of CYP2C8 metabolic activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, 3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide-d5 is not administered to animals for efficacy. It is used as an analytical standard to measure the concentration of the unlabeled metabolite in samples from animal studies. For example, in a pharmacokinetic (PK) study, rats or dogs are administered repaglinide. Blood plasma is collected at multiple time points. The deuterated internal standard is added to these samples, and the concentration of 3'-hydroxy repaglinide is determined by LC-MS. This data is crucial for determining the metabolic clearance of the drug and its active metabolite.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide-d5 is a stable isotope-labeled compound and has no independent pharmacokinetic parameters. The unlabeled 3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide is an active metabolite of repaglinide. Repaglinide is rapidly metabolized, and its active metabolite is cleared from the body with a half-life comparable to the parent drug (approximately 1 hour in humans). The labeled compound is used to calibrate analytical methods.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Repaglinide is generally well-tolerated, and its active metabolite 3'-hydroxy repaglinide has a similar safety profile. The compound is used in very small, non-toxic quantities as an internal standard. Standard laboratory safety precautions for handling organic chemicals, including the use of gloves, a lab coat, and safety glasses, are recommended.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide-d5 is not a drug but a deuterium-labeled stable isotope internal standard. It is used for research and development, particularly in the fields of diabetes and drug metabolism. Its primary application is as a key reagent for LC-MS/MS bioanalysis in pharmacokinetic (PK) studies of repaglinide. It allows researchers to accurately and precisely measure the active metabolite in biological samples, which is essential for calculating the drug's clearance, determining drug-drug interactions, and understanding its metabolism.
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| Molecular Formula |
C27H36N2O5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
473.62
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| Exact Mass |
473.293
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| CAS # |
1352792-15-4
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| Related CAS # |
3'-Hydroxy Repaglinide;874908-14-2
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| PubChem CID |
71749291
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
4.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
10
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| Heavy Atom Count |
34
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| Complexity |
657
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C1C(N2CC(CCC2)O)=C(C=CC=1)C(NC(=O)CC1=CC(OC([2H])([2H])C([2H])([2H])[2H])=C(C=C1)C(O)=O)CC(C)C
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| InChi Key |
OBMAZJVHPAVADF-SGEUAGPISA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C27H36N2O5/c1-4-34-25-15-19(11-12-22(25)27(32)33)16-26(31)28-23(14-18(2)3)21-9-5-6-10-24(21)29-13-7-8-20(30)17-29/h5-6,9-12,15,18,20,23,30H,4,7-8,13-14,16-17H2,1-3H3,(H,28,31)(H,32,33)/i1D3,4D2
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| Chemical Name |
4-[2-[[1-[2-(3-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)phenyl]-3-methylbutyl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]-2-(1,1,2,2,2-pentadeuterioethoxy)benzoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (211.14 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1114 mL | 10.5570 mL | 21.1140 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4223 mL | 2.1114 mL | 4.2228 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2111 mL | 1.0557 mL | 2.1114 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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