| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Targets |
Trequinsin hydrochloride targets phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3), an enzyme that hydrolyzes cGMP and cAMP. The compound is a highly potent inhibitor of PDE3 with an IC50 of 250 pM. It also inhibits PDE3A and PDE3B with IC50 values of 0.04 nM and 0.03 nM, respectively. Trequinsin has additional activity against PDE2 and PDE4. By inhibiting PDE3, the compound increases intracellular cAMP and cGMP levels, leading to vasodilation, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and positive inotropic effects. Trequinsin's multitarget PDE inhibition makes it valuable for studying cyclic nucleotide signaling.
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| ln Vitro |
In addition to its effects on the heart and blood pressure, trequinsin hydrochloride has strong antiplatelet properties[1]. Ca2+ iagonist trequinsin hydrochloride is effective[3].
Trequinsin hydrochloride demonstrates potent in vitro inhibition of PDE3 with an IC50 of 250 pM. It potently inhibits arachidonic acid-induced aggregation of human platelets with an IC50 of 50 pM. The compound inhibits PDE3A and PDE3B with IC50 values of 0.04 nM and 0.03 nM, respectively. Trequinsin has been used as a PDE3 inhibitor in rat juxtaglomerular cells, where it enhances cellular cAMP content, forskolin-induced cAMP synthesis, and renin release. These in vitro findings confirm the compound's potent PDE3 inhibitory activity and its effects on platelet function and cellular signaling. |
| ln Vivo |
Trequinsin hydrochloride has been used in vivo in cardiovascular research. The compound has been studied for its effects on heart contractility, vascular function, and platelet aggregation. In rat juxtaglomerular cells, trequinsin enhances cellular cAMP content and renin release. Its potent inhibition of platelet aggregation (IC50 of 50 pM) suggests potential antithrombotic effects in vivo. Trequinsin's multitarget PDE inhibition also makes it valuable for investigating signaling pathways in cancer, inflammation, and neurological disorders. Further studies are needed to fully characterize its in vivo efficacy and safety.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro enzyme assay for Trequinsin hydrochloride involves measuring its inhibition of PDE3 enzymatic activity. Recombinant human PDE3 (or PDE3A and PDE3B isoforms) is expressed and purified. Enzyme activity is assessed by measuring the hydrolysis of cAMP or cGMP to AMP or GMP using a scintillation proximity assay or fluorescence polarization. Trequinsin is incubated with the enzyme and substrate at various concentrations. IC50 values are determined by fitting the inhibition data to a dose-response curve. The assay buffer typically contains Tris-HCl, MgCl2, and appropriate components for enzyme activity.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay[3]
Cell Types: Samples from healthy volunteer research donors with normal sperm motility parameters in agreement with World Health Organization 2010 criteria. Tested Concentrations: 10 μM. Incubation Duration: 20 min. Experimental Results: Caused a concentrationdependent increase in [Ca2+]i (EC50 = 6.4 μM [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.1-9.9 μM]). In vitro cellular assays for Trequinsin hydrochloride typically use platelet aggregation assays to assess its functional effects. Human platelets are isolated and treated with Trequinsin at various concentrations. Platelet aggregation is induced by arachidonic acid or other agonists, and aggregation is measured using aggregometry. The compound's ability to inhibit platelet aggregation is quantified as the IC50. Additionally, cellular cAMP and cGMP levels can be measured using ELISA in various cell types. These assays confirm the compound's cellular activity and support its use in cardiovascular research. |
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for Trequinsin hydrochloride have been conducted in rat models. The compound has been used as a PDE3 inhibitor in rat juxtaglomerular cells to study renin release. Standard in vivo efficacy studies for cardiovascular indications would involve animal models of thrombosis, heart failure, or hypertension. Trequinsin would be administered via oral or parenteral routes. Hemodynamic parameters, platelet function, and vascular function would be assessed. Further studies are needed to fully characterize the compound's in vivo efficacy and safety.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Trequinsin hydrochloride are not extensively documented. As a small-molecule PDE inhibitor with a molecular weight of 441.96, the compound is expected to have reasonable bioavailability. It is cell-permeable, suggesting good membrane penetration. The compound's multitarget PDE inhibition may influence its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile. Further pharmacokinetic studies, including assessments of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), are necessary to fully characterize its PK profile.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Trequinsin hydrochloride are not extensively available in the public domain. As a research compound used for cardiovascular studies, Trequinsin has not undergone extensive toxicological evaluation. Standard cytotoxicity assays in cell lines may have been performed to assess safety margins. The compound's potent inhibition of platelet aggregation (IC50 of 50 pM) suggests that bleeding risk would be a potential concern. Further preclinical toxicology studies would be required to assess safety before clinical development.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
See also: Trequinsin (note moved to).
Trequinsin hydrochloride (HL 725) is a highly potent PDE3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 250 pM. It potently inhibits arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation with an IC50 of 50 pM. The compound inhibits PDE3A and PDE3B with IC50 values of 0.04 nM and 0.03 nM and has additional activity against PDE2 and PDE4. Trequinsin is used in cardiovascular research and has a molecular weight of 441.96. No clinical trials or regulatory approvals have been reported. It is available as a research-grade compound. |
| Molecular Formula |
C24H28CLN3O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
441.95
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| Exact Mass |
441.182
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| CAS # |
78416-81-6
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| Related CAS # |
79855-88-2 (Parent)
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| PubChem CID |
3060974
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
613.8ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
325ºC
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| LogP |
4.386
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
31
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| Complexity |
709
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)C)N=C2C=C3C4=CC(=C(C=C4CCN3C(=O)N2C)OC)OC)C.Cl
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| InChi Key |
DTCZZBVPTHVXFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H27N3O3.ClH/c1-14-9-15(2)23(16(3)10-14)25-22-13-19-18-12-21(30-6)20(29-5)11-17(18)7-8-27(19)24(28)26(22)4;/h9-13H,7-8H2,1-6H3;1H
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| Chemical Name |
9,10-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imino-6,7-dihydropyrimido[6,1-a]isoquinolin-4-one;hydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 62.5 mg/mL (141.42 mM)
H2O: 50 mg/mL (113.13 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.71 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.71 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.71 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2627 mL | 11.3135 mL | 22.6270 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4525 mL | 2.2627 mL | 4.5254 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2263 mL | 1.1313 mL | 2.2627 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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