| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
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| Targets |
Androgen receptor, NO synthesis, MAPK-NFκB pathway[1][2]
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
The transactivation function mediated by dihydrotestosterone-induced human AR is repressed by atrazine (10 μM; CV1 cells)[1]. The expression of the PSA gene is inhibited in both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent PCa cells by atraric acid (10 μM)[1]. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, traric acid (1-300 μM; 24 h) dose-dependently inhibits prostaglandin E2, nitric oxide, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, but has no effect on cell viability[2]. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, astraricic acid (100 and 300 μM; 18 h or 4 h) exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by downregulating the expression of phosphorylated IκB, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling pathway[2].
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| ln Vivo |
In LPS-induced endotoxin shock mice, traric acid (10, 30 mg/kg; ip; single dosage) decreases pathological damages and suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines[2].
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| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay[2]
Cell Types: RAW264.7 cells Tested Concentrations: 1-300 μM Incubation Duration: 24 h Experimental Results: Did not influence the cell viability. Western Blot Analysis[2] Cell Types: RAW264 .7 cells Tested Concentrations: 100 and 300 μM Incubation Duration: 18 h or 4 h Experimental Results: Inhibited LPS-Induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Suppressed LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of the Nfκb signaling pathway. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Female balb/c (Bagg ALBino) mouse (7 weeks old , 17-20 g; LPS-induced endotoxin shock)[2]
Doses: 10, 30 mg/kg Route of Administration: ip; single dosage Experimental Results: Inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. decreased pathological damages such as vasodilation and bleeding. |
| References |
[1]. Papaioannou M, et al. The natural compound atraric acid is an antagonist of the human androgen receptor inhibiting cellular invasiveness and prostate cancer cell growth. J Cell Mol Med. 2009 Aug;13(8B):2210-2223.
[2]. Roell D, Baniahmad A. The natural compounds atraric acid and N-butylbenzene-sulfonamide as antagonists of the human androgen receptor and inhibitors of prostate cancer cell growth. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2011 Jan 30;332(1-2):1-8. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H12O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
196.20
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| CAS # |
4707-47-5
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| SMILES |
O=C(OC)C1=C(C)C=C(O)C(C)=C1O
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (509.68 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.74 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.0968 mL | 25.4842 mL | 50.9684 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0194 mL | 5.0968 mL | 10.1937 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5097 mL | 2.5484 mL | 5.0968 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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