| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The primary targets of N,N',N''-triacetylchitotriose are chitinolytic enzymes such as chitinases, lysozymes, and N-acetylglucosaminidases. These enzymes hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds of chitin oligosaccharides. The compound is used as a substrate to measure enzyme activity and to screen for enzyme inhibitors. It may also interact with chitin-binding proteins and receptors in the immune system, as chitin oligosaccharides are known to activate innate immune responses.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies demonstrate that N,N',N''-triacetylchitotriose serves as a substrate for various chitinolytic enzymes. The compound is hydrolyzed by chitinases and lysozymes, releasing N-acetylglucosamine monomers and smaller oligosaccharides. The hydrolysis can be monitored by measuring the release of reducing sugars or by chromatographic methods. The compound has also been used to study the substrate specificity and catalytic mechanisms of chitin-degrading enzymes.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity data for N,N',N''-triacetylchitotriose are limited, as the compound is primarily used as a research reagent in enzymatic studies. Chitin oligosaccharides are known to have immunomodulatory effects, activating innate immune responses through pattern recognition receptors. However, the specific in vivo activities of the trimer have not been extensively characterized. Studies in animal models have investigated the effects of chitin oligosaccharides on immune function and inflammation.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cellular assays for N,N',N''-triacetylchitotriose typically involve enzyme activity measurements using purified chitinases or lysozymes. The compound is incubated with the enzyme, and the release of N-acetylglucosamine is measured using colorimetric or fluorometric methods. Kinetic parameters such as Km and Vmax are determined from substrate concentration curves. Inhibitor screening assays use the compound as a substrate to assess the potency of potential chitinase inhibitors.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for N,N',N''-triacetylchitotriose are limited, as the compound is primarily used in enzymatic studies. It may be used in cell culture to study the effects of chitin oligosaccharides on immune cell activation. Macrophages or other immune cells are treated with the compound, and cytokine production, phagocytosis, or other immune functions are assessed. However, the trimer may be less potent than longer chitin oligosaccharides in activating immune responses.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for N,N',N''-triacetylchitotriose are limited. The compound may be used in models of chitin degradation to study the role of chitinases in fungal infections or insect development. It may also be used in immunological studies to assess the effects of chitin oligosaccharides on immune responses. However, the trimer is less commonly used than longer chitin oligosaccharides or polymeric chitin in such studies.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of N,N',N''-triacetylchitotriose are not well-characterized, as the compound is a research reagent rather than a therapeutic agent. As a hydrophilic oligosaccharide with molecular weight approximately 627 g/mol, it has limited oral bioavailability due to poor membrane permeability. The compound may be hydrolyzed by intestinal enzymes. Its stability in biological fluids and its distribution in vivo have not been extensively studied.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for N,N',N''-triacetylchitotriose are limited, as the compound is a research reagent not intended for human use. Chitin oligosaccharides are generally considered to have low toxicity. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound. No significant toxicity has been reported in the available literature.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Triacetylchitosan is an N-acylhexosamine.
Other information includes the compound's use as a substrate for chitinases and lysozymes. It is a well-defined chitin oligosaccharide that serves as a model compound for studying chitin degradation and the biological activities of chitin-derived molecules. The compound is available as a research reagent from chemical suppliers. It is used in enzymology, microbiology, and immunology research. |
| Molecular Formula |
C24H41N3O16
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
627.59
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| Exact Mass |
627.248
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| CAS # |
38864-21-0
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| PubChem CID |
123774
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
1146.9±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
304 - 306 °C
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| Flash Point |
647.4±34.3 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.606
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| LogP |
-2.67
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
11
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
16
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
14
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| Heavy Atom Count |
43
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| Complexity |
944
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
14
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| SMILES |
CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O[C@H]1O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]2O)NC(=O)C)O[C@H]([C@@H](CO)O)[C@@H]([C@H](C=O)NC(=O)C)O)CO)CO)O)O
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| InChi Key |
LRDDKCYRFNJZBX-WHFMPQCRSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H41N3O16/c1-8(32)25-11(4-28)17(36)21(12(35)5-29)42-24-16(27-10(3)34)20(39)22(14(7-31)41-24)43-23-15(26-9(2)33)19(38)18(37)13(6-30)40-23/h4,11-24,29-31,35-39H,5-7H2,1-3H3,(H,25,32)(H,26,33)(H,27,34)/t11-,12+,13+,14+,15+,16+,17+,18+,19+,20+,21+,22+,23-,24-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
N-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetamido-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-acetamido-1,2,4-trihydroxy-6-oxohexan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]acetamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 7.14 mg/mL (11.38 mM)
DMSO: 2 mg/mL (3.19 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 11.11 mg/mL (17.70 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.5934 mL | 7.9670 mL | 15.9340 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3187 mL | 1.5934 mL | 3.1868 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1593 mL | 0.7967 mL | 1.5934 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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