| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
(Rac)-delta-Viniferin targets cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, which are a superfamily of heme-containing monooxygenases responsible for the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics and endobiotics. ε-Viniferin displays potent inhibitory effects on all CYP activities, with Ki values from 0.5 to 20 microM. The compound also targets multiple pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurodegeneration, contributing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. The exact binding site(s) on CYP enzymes have not been fully characterized.
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| ln Vitro |
(Rac)-delta-Viniferin is the racemic form of delta-Viniferin, an isomer of ε-Viniferin. ε-Viniferin is a resveratrol dimer that exhibits potent inhibitory effects on all CYP enzyme activities with Ki values ranging from 0.5 to 20 microM. It offers significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective benefits. (+/-)-ε-Viniferin has antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae with a MIC of 20 microM. These activities make it a natural product lead for various disease indications.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, (Rac)-delta-Viniferin (or its isomer ε-Viniferin) can be used in research on metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory conditions. Resveratrol dimers are known to have poor oral bioavailability, but they may still exert effects in the gut or after metabolism. ε-Viniferin possesses potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-neurodegenerative capacity. (Rac)-delta-Viniferin is the racemic form of delta-Viniferin and an isomer of ε-Viniferin. The compound can be used for research on cytochrome P450 inhibition and its consequences on drug metabolism and disease.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro CYP inhibition assay (fluorometric or LC-MS): Recombinant human CYP enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4) are incubated with isoform-specific fluorogenic substrates (e.g., CEC for CYP3A4, MFC for CYP2C9) in assay buffer with an NADPH-regenerating system. Varying concentrations of (Rac)-delta-Viniferin (or ε-Viniferin) are added, and the reactions are incubated at 37degC for 10-30 minutes. The formation of fluorescent metabolites is measured, or the production of specific metabolites is quantified by LC-MS. The IC₅0 (or Ki, ranging from 0.5 to 20 microM) for each isoform is calculated.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based neuroprotection assay: Neuronal cells (e.g., SH-SY5Y or primary cortical neurons) are seeded in 96-well plates (2×10⁴ cells/well) and differentiated with retinoic acid (10 microM) for 5-7 days. Cells are pre-treated with (Rac)-delta-Viniferin (1-100 microM) for 1 hour, then exposed to an oxidative stressor (e.g., H2O2 50-200 microM, or Abeta peptide 1-10 microM) for 24-48 hours. Cell viability is measured by MTT or LDH assay. Antioxidant activity is measured by DCFH-DA fluorescence for ROS production. Inflammatory response in microglia (BV-2 cells) can be assessed by LPS stimulation (100 ng/mL) with or without compound, and TNF-alpha/IL-6 levels measured by ELISA.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo mouse model of neuroinflammation (LPS-induced): Male C57BL/6 mice (6-8 weeks old, n=8-10/group) are administered (Rac)-delta-Viniferin (10-100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally or orally) once daily for 7 days. On day 7, LPS (1 mg/kg) is injected intraperitoneally 1 hour after the last dose. After 6 hours, mice are euthanized, and blood and brain tissues are collected. Cytokine levels (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta) in plasma and brain homogenates are measured by ELISA. Microglial activation is assessed by Iba-1 immunohistochemistry. For the Morris water maze test, mice are treated with compound daily for 2 weeks before behavioral testing. This protocol is for research on neuroprotective activity.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
No specific PK data for (Rac)-delta-Viniferin is available. As a resveratrol dimer (MW ~450-500 Da), it has moderate lipophilicity but poor water solubility. Oral bioavailability is likely low (<5%) due to extensive glucuronidation and sulfation in the gut and liver. The compound can be detected in plasma after high oral doses, but it undergoes rapid conjugation. For in vitro studies, it is dissolved in DMSO (10-100 mM). For in vivo studies, it can be formulated in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween 80 + 45% saline or in a suspension in 0.5% methylcellulose.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
For (Rac)-delta-Viniferin, hazard statements: H315 (Causes skin irritation), H319 (Causes serious eye irritation), H335 (May cause respiratory irritation). Signal word: Warning. Precautionary statements: P261 (Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray), P280 (Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection), P305+P351+P338 (IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes). Storage: powder at -20degC, protected from light and moisture. For research use only, not for human consumption.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
(Rac)-delta-Viniferin is a research-grade resveratrol dimer used for studying CYP450 inhibition, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. It is not an FDA-approved drug. For research use only, not for diagnostic or therapeutic applications. Synonyms: epsilon-Viniferin, ε-Viniferin.
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| Molecular Formula |
C28H22O6
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| Molecular Weight |
454.47
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| Related CAS # |
δ-Viniferin; 681293-15-2
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~220.04 mM; with sonication)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 3 mg/mL (6.60 mM)(saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one)),clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can Add 100 μL of 30.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix thoroughly. Then add 50 μL of Tween-80 to the above system and mix thoroughly. Finally, add 450 μL of physiological saline to bring the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of physiological saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in ddH₂O and bring the volume to 100 mL to obtain a clear and transparent physiological saline solution. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 3 mg/mL (6.60 mM)(saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one)),clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can Add 100 μL of 30.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution was added to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mixed thoroughly. 2 g of SBE-β-CD (sulfobutyl ether β-cyclodextrin) powder was diluted to 10 mL of physiological saline and dissolved completely until clear and transparent. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 3 mg/mL (6.60 mM)(saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one)),clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.2004 mL | 11.0018 mL | 22.0037 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4401 mL | 2.2004 mL | 4.4007 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2200 mL | 1.1002 mL | 2.2004 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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