| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| Other Sizes |
Phillygenin (Phillygenol, Phillygenol; Epipinoresinol methyl ether, Sylvatesmin, Forsythigenol) is a naturally occurringa bioactive intergradient isolated from Osmanthus fragrans, showing diverse bioactivities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and antipyretic activities. It may also reduce blood lipid levels and low density lipoprotein.
| Targets |
- Phillygenin targets human serum albumin (HSA), with a binding constant (Ka) of approximately 1.2 × 10⁵ L/mol (measured via fluorescence spectroscopy). It binds to the Sudlow’s Site I of HSA (confirmed by molecular docking), which is a major binding site for small-molecule drugs. [2]
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| ln Vitro |
1) Compared to vincristine, phillygenin exhibits a greater inhibitory impact on mouse B16 melanoma cells [1]. 2) In the FRAP experiment, phillygenin effectively reduces free radicals and demonstrates strong scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS.
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| ln Vivo |
Intravenous injection at 5.6 mg/ml is the reference value for rats.
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| Enzyme Assay |
- Fluorescence Spectroscopy Assay for Phillygenin-HSA Binding: HSA solution (2 μM) was prepared in Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.4). Different concentrations of Phillygenin (0.5–10 μM) were added to the HSA solution, and the mixture was incubated at 25°C for 30 minutes. Fluorescence emission spectra (300–450 nm) were recorded with an excitation wavelength of 280 nm. The decrease in HSA fluorescence intensity (due to binding with Phillygenin) was used to calculate the binding constant (Ka) via the Stern-Volmer equation. [2]
- Molecular Docking Assay for Phillygenin-HSA Interaction: The 3D structure of HSA (from Protein Data Bank) and Phillygenin (constructed via molecular modeling software) were used for docking. The docking was performed using a docking program, with the binding pocket set to Sudlow’s Site I of HSA. The binding energy and hydrogen bond interactions were analyzed: the lowest binding energy was -8.5 kcal/mol, and Phillygenin formed 2 hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues (e.g., Arg218) in HSA’s binding site. [2] |
| Animal Protocol |
- Rat Pharmacokinetic Study for Phillygenin: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200–220 g) were fasted for 12 hours before the experiment (free access to water). Phillygenin was dissolved in a mixture of ethanol and saline (1:9, v/v) to prepare a solution with a concentration of 2 mg/mL. The drug was administered to rats via two routes: 1) Intravenous (i.v.) injection at a dose of 2 mg/kg; 2) Oral gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Blood samples (0.5 mL) were collected from the retro-orbital venous plexus at predetermined time points (0–24 hours post-administration), placed in heparinized tubes, and centrifuged (3000 × g for 10 minutes) to separate plasma. Plasma samples were stored at -20°C until HPLC analysis. [1]
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Plasma concentration-time curves and pharmacokinetic parameters: After intravenous injection (2 mg/kg) of filiganine, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 1.8 ± 0.3 μg/mL (reached at 0 hours after injection), the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC₀→∞) was 5.2 ± 0.6 μg·h/mL, and the elimination half-life (t₁/₂) was 3.5 ± 0.4 hours. [1] After oral administration of filiganine (10 mg/kg), the Cmax was 0.4 ± 0.1 μg/mL (reached at 1.5 ± 0.2 hours after gavage), the AUC₀→∞ was 2.1 ± 0.3 μg·h/mL, and the oral bioavailability (calculated by comparing the AUC of oral and intravenous routes and adjusted according to the dose) was approximately 8.2%. [1] - Plasma protein binding rate: The plasma protein binding rate of fenigranin in rat plasma has not been directly reported; however, its binding to human serum albumin (HSA) (Ka = 1.2 × 10⁵ L/mol) indicates that it has moderate plasma protein binding potential. [2]
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Sylvatesmin has been reported to be present in Lindera praecox, Forsythia koreana, and other organisms with relevant data.
- High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination of phillygenin in rat plasma: The HPLC system used a C18 reversed-phase column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was a mixture of methanol and water (70:30, v/v), and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 280 nm, and the injection volume was 20 μL. The calibration curve for phillygenin in rat plasma showed a linear relationship in the range of 0.05–10 μg/mL (r² > 0.999), with a limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 0.05 μg/mL. Plasma samples were pretreated using ethyl acetate liquid-liquid extraction to separate phillygenin from the matrix components. [1] - Significance of fenigranin-human serum albumin (HSA) binding: The binding of fenigranin to HSA may affect its distribution and clearance in vivo, as HSA is the main carrier protein of drugs in the blood. Moderate binding affinity suggests that fenigranin may have a relatively long residence time in plasma and a low risk of rapid clearance. [2] |
| Molecular Formula |
C₂₁H₂₄O₆
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
372.41
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| Exact Mass |
372.157
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| CAS # |
487-39-8
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| PubChem CID |
3083590
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
534.9±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
133ºC
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| Flash Point |
277.3±30.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.570
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| LogP |
2.31
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
27
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| Complexity |
487
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)[C@H]2[C@H]3CO[C@@H]([C@H]3CO2)C4=CC(=C(C=C4)O)OC)OC
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| InChi Key |
CPJKKWDCUOOTEW-YJPXFSGGSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H24O6/c1-23-17-7-5-13(9-19(17)25-3)21-15-11-26-20(14(15)10-27-21)12-4-6-16(22)18(8-12)24-2/h4-9,14-15,20-22H,10-11H2,1-3H3/t14-,15-,20+,21-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
4-[(3S,3aR,6R,6aR)-6-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-3-yl]-2-methoxyphenol
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| Synonyms |
Phillygenol,PhillygenolEpipinoresinol methyl ether, Sylvatesmin, Forsythigenol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~25 mg/mL (~67.13 mM)
H2O : ~0.67 mg/mL (~1.80 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (8.73 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 32.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL of Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL of normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (8.73 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 32.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (8.73 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.6852 mL | 13.4261 mL | 26.8521 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5370 mL | 2.6852 mL | 5.3704 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2685 mL | 1.3426 mL | 2.6852 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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