| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| 2g |
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| 5g | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Phenazopyridine does not have a specific molecular target. It acts as a local analgesic on the urinary tract mucosa, providing symptomatic relief of pain, burning, and irritation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood but is thought to involve a local anesthetic effect on the urinary tract lining, similar to other topical anesthetics.
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| ln Vitro |
Phenazopyridine is not evaluated for pharmacological activity in conventional cell-based assays. Its activity is assessed in vivo by its ability to provide symptomatic relief in models of urinary tract irritation. It is a well-established urinary tract analgesic with a long history of clinical use.
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| ln Vivo |
Phenazopyridine is used clinically for the symptomatic relief of pain, burning, urgency, and frequency associated with urinary tract infections, surgery, or injury. It is not an antibiotic and does not treat the underlying infection. It is typically used in combination with antibiotics for the treatment of urinary tract infections. It is available over-the-counter in some countries.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Phenazopyridine does not have established receptor binding or enzyme inhibition assay protocols. Its identity and purity are confirmed by standard analytical methods including HPLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Physical properties: molecular weight 249.70 g/mol; molecular formula C11H12ClN5; appearance: red to dark red crystalline powder; solubility: slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol. No specific biochemical assay protocols are applicable.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular studies with Phenazopyridine are not typically conducted as it is a urinary tract analgesic. Its effects are evaluated in vivo through symptomatic relief. No specific cellular activity has been reported. Standard cell culture protocols would apply if cellular effects were to be evaluated.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies with Phenazopyridine are conducted in animal models of urinary tract irritation or infection. The compound is administered orally. Analgesic effects are assessed by measuring pain responses (e.g., writhing) or by monitoring urinary frequency and urgency. Clinical studies have been conducted for the symptomatic relief of urinary tract infections.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Phenazopyridine has a molecular weight of 249.70 g/mol and a molecular formula of C11H12ClN5. It is a red to dark red crystalline powder. Solubility: slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol. Storage: typically at room temperature, protected from light. It is orally administered and excreted renally. It produces a characteristic orange-red discoloration of urine.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Overview of Use During Lactation The safety of phenapyridine in infants or breastfeeding women has not been established. Because it can cause methemoglobinemia, sulfohmoglobinemia, and hemolytic anemia, it should be avoided in breastfeeding women, especially infants under 1 month of age or infants with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. ◉ Effects on Breastfed Infants No published information found as of the revision date. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breast Milk No published information found as of the revision date. Phenazopyridine is generally well-tolerated at therapeutic doses. Common adverse effects may include headache, dizziness, and gastrointestinal disturbances. It may cause a harmless orange-red discoloration of urine and sometimes skin. Serious adverse effects are rare but may include methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia, and hepatotoxicity at high doses or with prolonged use. It is contraindicated in patients with renal insufficiency and G6PD deficiency. |
| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
According to an independent committee of scientific and health experts, phenapyridine may be carcinogenic. Phenapyridine is a diaminopyridine, a 2,6-diaminopyridine with a phenyl azo group substituted at the 3-position. It is a local anesthetic with local analgesic effects on the mucous membranes of the urinary tract. Its use is limited due to its toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity concerns. It is used as a local anesthetic, a non-narcotic analgesic, a carcinogen, and an anti-coronavirus drug. It is a diaminopyridine and monoazo compound, the conjugate base of phenapyridine (1+). It is a local anesthetic used to treat urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited due to its toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity concerns. See also: Phenapyridine (note moved to).
Phenazopyridine is also known as Phenazopyridine HCl, Pyridium, and Urodine. It is a urinary tract analgesic used for the relief of pain, burning, and urgency associated with urinary tract infections, surgery, or injury. It is available over-the-counter in some countries and by prescription in others. It is approved for clinical use in many countries. |
| Molecular Formula |
C11H12CLN5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
249.7
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| Exact Mass |
249.078
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| CAS # |
136-40-3
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| Related CAS # |
Phenazopyridine;94-78-0
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| PubChem CID |
4756
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| Appearance |
Pink to red solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
442.3ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
139°C
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| Flash Point |
221.3ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
5.66E-09mmHg at 25°C
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| LogP |
4.625
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
16
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| Complexity |
237
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
QPFYXYFORQJZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C11H11N5/c12-10-7-6-9(11(13)14-10)16-15-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-7H,(H4,12,13,14)
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| Chemical Name |
3-phenyldiazenylpyridine-2,6-diamine
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| Synonyms |
Urodine Phenazopyridine HCl Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~25 mg/mL (~100.12 mM)
H2O : ~1 mg/mL (~4.00 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.01 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.01 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0048 mL | 20.0240 mL | 40.0481 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8010 mL | 4.0048 mL | 8.0096 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4005 mL | 2.0024 mL | 4.0048 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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