| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 25mg |
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| 500mg |
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Purity: ≥98%
Oleuropein is a naturally occuring antioxidant polyphenol isolated from olive leaf. In both J774A.1 cells and primary mouse macrophages, Oleuropein increases LPS-induced NO production. Oleuropein prevents oxidative myocardial injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion. In TF-1a; 786-O, T-47D, RPMI-7951, LoVo, and NL-Fib cells, Oleuropein inhibits cell proliferation and migration. In swiss albino mice that spontaneously develop soft tissue sarcomas, Oleuropein (i.p. or p.o.) completely regresses tumors. In rats, Oleuropein (40 mg/kg, p.o.) protects from cardiac remodeling process after isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction through inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme activity.
| Targets |
Oleuropein targets peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) [1]
Oleuropein exhibits interactions with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory signaling targets (e.g., NF-κB, Nrf2) [2] |
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| ln Vitro |
In the context of treating breast cancer, the cytochrome P450 enzyme aromatase represents a significant pharmacological target[2].
Oleuropein inhibited PPARγ-mediated transcriptional activity in a concentration-dependent manner, with significant suppression observed at concentrations ≥10 μM in reporter gene assays [1] Oleuropein showed free radical scavenging activity against DPPH (IC50 = 12.5 μM) and ABTS (IC50 = 8.3 μM) radicals [2] Oleuropein downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, with 50% inhibition at 20 μM [2] Oleuropein suppressed PPARγ-dependent adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells, as evidenced by reduced oil red O staining and decreased expression of adipogenic markers (aP2, C/EBPα) at 50 μM [1] |
| ln Vivo |
In swiss albino mice that spontaneously develop soft tissue sarcomas, Oleuropein (i.p. or p.o.) completely regresses tumors. In rats, Oleuropein (40 mg/kg, p.o.) protects from cardiac remodeling process after isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction through inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme activity.
Oleuropein administration (50 mg/kg/day, oral gavage for 8 weeks) improved insulin sensitivity and reduced visceral fat accumulation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice [2] Oleuropein (100 mg/kg/day, oral) decreased serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels in diabetic rats, accompanied by reduced hepatic PPARγ expression [2] |
| Enzyme Assay |
A luciferase reporter gene assay was performed using cells co-transfected with PPARγ expression vector and PPRE-driven luciferase plasmid; cells were treated with oleuropein (0.1–100 μM) for 24 hours, and luciferase activity was measured to assess PPARγ transcriptional activity [1]
DPPH radical scavenging assay: oleuropein solutions of different concentrations were mixed with DPPH radical solution, incubated in the dark for 30 minutes, and absorbance at 517 nm was measured to calculate scavenging rate [2] NF-κB activity assay: Nuclear extracts from LPS-stimulated macrophages treated with oleuropein were incubated with NF-κB consensus oligonucleotides, and binding activity was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay [2] |
| Cell Assay |
3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured in growth medium and induced to differentiate with adipogenic cocktail; oleuropein (10–100 μM) was added during differentiation, and after 8 days, cells were stained with oil red O for fat droplet visualization, and mRNA levels of adipogenic genes were quantified by real-time PCR [1]
RAW 264.7 macrophages were seeded in 6-well plates, pretreated with oleuropein (5–40 μM) for 1 hour, then stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 hours; culture supernatants were collected to measure cytokine levels by ELISA, and gene expression was analyzed by PCR [2] |
| Animal Protocol |
Dissolved in PBS; 50 μg/mouse; i.p. or p.o. administration
Swiss albino mice that spontaneously develops soft tissue sarcomas High-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control and oleuropein treatment groups; the treatment group received 50 mg/kg/day oleuropein dissolved in 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium via oral gavage for 8 weeks, while the control group received the vehicle alone; body weight, food intake, and metabolic parameters were monitored weekly, and tissues were collected for molecular analysis at the end of the experiment [2] Diabetic Wistar rats induced by streptozotocin were administered 100 mg/kg/day oleuropein via oral gavage for 4 weeks; blood samples were collected weekly to measure glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels, and liver tissues were harvested for histopathological examination [2] |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
After oral administration of oleuropein to rats, the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was 1.2 μg/mL, the time to peak concentration was 1 hour (Tmax), and the half-life (t1/2) was 3.5 hours [2]. Oleuropein is metabolized in the intestine and liver into active metabolites, including oleuropein and oleuropein aldehyde, which are further conjugated with glucuronic acid and excreted from the body [2]. Due to first-pass metabolism, the oral bioavailability of oleuropein is approximately 15% [2].
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Oleuropein did not show acute toxicity in mice at oral doses up to 2000 mg/kg, and liver and kidney function parameters did not change significantly [2]. Oleuropein has a plasma protein binding rate of 68% in human plasma [2].
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Oleuropein is a sebicyclopentaenoic glycoside, a methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid, with hydroxyl, ethylene, and carboxymethyl groups substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The terminal hydroxyl group at position 2 is converted to β-D-glucoside, and the carboxylic acid moiety at the carboxymethyl substituent is converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyl ester (2S,3E,4S stereoisomer). It is the most important phenolic compound in olive varieties. Oleuropein has multiple functions, including as a plant metabolite, free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory agent, antitumor agent, antihypertensive agent, NF-κB inhibitor, apoptosis inducer, antioxidant, and nutritional supplement. It is a sebicyclopentaenoic glycoside, β-D-glucoside, methyl ester, catechol, diester, and pyran compound. Oleuropein has been reported to exist in Ligustrum obtusifolium, Fraxinus insularis, and other organisms with relevant data. Oleuropein is the main polyphenolic compound isolated from olive leaves and fruit [1][2]. The inhibitory effect of oleuropein on PPARγ suggests its potential application value in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome [1]. Oleuropein exerts its health benefits through a variety of mechanisms, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and metabolic regulatory effects [2].
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| Molecular Formula |
C25H32O13
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| Molecular Weight |
540.51
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| Exact Mass |
540.184
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| CAS # |
32619-42-4
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| Related CAS # |
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| PubChem CID |
5281544
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
772.9±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
89-90ºC
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| Flash Point |
257.0±26.4 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.630
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| LogP |
-0.91
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
11
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| Heavy Atom Count |
38
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| Complexity |
873
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
7
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| SMILES |
C/C=C/1\[C@@H](C(=CO[C@H]1O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC)CC(=O)OCCC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O
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| InChi Key |
RFWGABANNQMHMZ-ZCHJGGQASA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C25H32O13/c1-3-13-14(9-19(29)35-7-6-12-4-5-16(27)17(28)8-12)15(23(33)34-2)11-36-24(13)38-25-22(32)21(31)20(30)18(10-26)37-25/h3-5,8,11,14,18,20-22,24-28,30-32H,6-7,9-10H2,1-2H3/b13-3+/t14-,18+,20+,21-,22+,24-,25-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
methyl (4S,5E,6S)-4-[2-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-oxoethyl]-5-ethylidene-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate
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| Synonyms |
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.85 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.85 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.85 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: PBS: 30mg/mL |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.8501 mL | 9.2505 mL | 18.5010 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3700 mL | 1.8501 mL | 3.7002 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1850 mL | 0.9251 mL | 1.8501 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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