MPTP hydrochloride

Alias: MPTP hydrochloride; MPTP HCl
Cat No.:V2705 Purity: ≥98%
MPTP hydrochloride is a dopaminergic neurotoxin and cause selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in animal models of parkinsonism.
MPTP hydrochloride Chemical Structure CAS No.: 23007-85-4
Product category: Dopamine Receptor
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Purity: ≥98%

Product Description

MPTP hydrochloride is a dopaminergic neurotoxin and cause selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in animal models of parkinsonism. MPTP prevented ICR mice's (20–30 g) phrenic nerve–hemidiaphragm preparations from exhibiting nerve-evoked twitches. MPTP, TC, and PP all had twitch inhibition IC50 values of 53, 0.7, and 123 uM, respectively.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro

In vitro activity: Upon exposure to all MPTP doses, the morphology of glioma and N2AB-1 cells remained unchanged. Furthermore, MPTP therapy had no effect on the proliferation of C6 glioma cells[3]. In human neuroblastoma M17 cells, MPTP stimulates both tau phosphorylation and apoptosis. For human neuroblastoma M17 cells, MPTP strongly stimulates Tau phosphorylation at Ser262. Within our M17 human neuroblastoma cells, MPTP led to a dose-dependent rise in intracellular α-synuclein levels. MPTP appears to promote Tau phosphorylation in the brain by activating both PKA and GSK3β[4].

ln Vivo
The number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons was decreased in the substantia nigra pars compacta of MPTP-treated mice. In the mouse midbrain, MPTP reduced the expression and activity of thioredoxin reductase 1, as well as the quantity of thioredoxin reductase 1-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta. In human and nonhuman primates, the toxin MPTP administration can result in neurochemical, behavioral, and histopathological changes akin to those seen in Parkinsonian patients. Mice are less susceptible to MPTP than primates are. The most popular and reliable method of administering MPTP is systemic administration, which includes subcutaneous, intravenous, intraperitoneal, and intramuscular injection.Other routes of administration include gavage and stereotactic injection. Lipophilic protoxin MPTP has a quick blood-brain barrier crossing time after systemic injection. Once inside the brain, monoamine oxidase B transforms MPTP into 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine[1]. Studies on humans, monkeys, and mice have demonstrated that MPTP is toxic to dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal system and causes a persistent depletion of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum[2].
Enzyme Assay
MPTP prevented phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparations from ICR mice (20–30 g) from experiencing nerve-evoked twitches. The MPTP's inhibitory effect was amplified by PP 50 uM but not by PA 50 uM or TP 50 uM. The amplitude of twitch was inhibited by PP 100 uM alone. The MPTP, TC, and PP twitch inhibition IC50 values were 53, 0.7, and 123 uM, in that order. MPTP and TC had IC50 values of 18 and 0.3 uM, respectively, after pretreatment with PP 50 uM.
Cell Assay
N2AB-1 and C6 glioma cells were plated using the culture medium previously mentioned in 24-well costar dishes (16 mm diameter), with 50,000 cells per well. Following a 24-hour period, duplicate medium containing different MPTP or MPP+ concentrations was added. After three days of treatment, both control and treated cells were trypsinized and their counts were measured using a hemocytometer each day.
Animal Protocol
The animal treatments are carried out in order to prepare the MPTP mouse model and the LPS rat model. In short, adult rats are given unilateral injections of LPS (0.5 μL of 10 μg/μL diluted in 0.9% saline) into the contralateral side of the same volume of 0.9% saline and into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) at the following coordinates: AP-4.2 mm, L 1.5 mm, and V 7.8 mm. For five consecutive days, adult mice receive intraperitoneal injections of MPTP at a dose of 25 mg/kg. As a control, the same volume of saline is injected. Once the animals receive injections of MPTP or LPS, they are all sacrificed at weeks 1, 2, 3, or 4. The brain samples are gathered in preparation for the ensuing western blot and immunohistochemistry tests.
References

[1]. Neural Regen Res . 2013 Dec 15;8(35):3275-83.

[2]. Neurotoxicol Teratol . 2002 Sep-Oct;24(5):599-605.

[3]. Brain Res . 1988 Jul 26;456(2):254-62.

[4]. J Biol Chem . 2011 Feb 18;286(7):5055-68.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C12H15N.HCL
Molecular Weight
209.72
Exact Mass
209.1
CAS #
23007-85-4
Related CAS #
23007-85-4
Appearance
Powder
SMILES
CN1CCC(=CC1)C2=CC=CC=C2.Cl
InChi Key
KOWJANGMTAZWDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C12H15N.ClH/c1-13-9-7-12(8-10-13)11-5-3-2-4-6-11;/h2-7H,8-10H2,1H3;1H
Chemical Name
1-methyl-4-phenyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine;hydrochloride
Synonyms
MPTP hydrochloride; MPTP HCl
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO: 12~20 mg/mL (57.2~95.4 mM)
Water: ~41 mg/mL (~195.5 mM)
Ethanol: ~41 mg/mL (~195.5 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
5%DMSO+ 40%PEG300+ 5%Tween 80+ 50%ddH2O: 2.1mg/ml (10.01mM) (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 4.7683 mL 23.8413 mL 47.6826 mL
5 mM 0.9537 mL 4.7683 mL 9.5365 mL
10 mM 0.4768 mL 2.3841 mL 4.7683 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

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Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
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Biological Data
  • MPTP hydrochloride
    Effect of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intraperitoneal injection on the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) of mice.Neural Regen Res.2013 Dec 15;8(35):3275-83.
  • MPTP hydrochloride
    Effect of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intraperitoneal injection on thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) expression and thioredoxin reductase (TR) activity in the midbrain of mice.Neural Regen Res.2013 Dec 15;8(35):3275-83.
  • MPTP hydrochloride
    Effect of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intraperitoneal injection on the number of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1)-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) of mice.Neural Regen Res.2013 Dec 15;8(35):3275-83.


  • MPTP hydrochloride

    MPTP promotes Tau protein phosphorylation in human neuroblastoma M17 cells.J Biol Chem.2011 Feb 18;286(7):5055-68.
  • MPTP hydrochloride
    Inhibition of PKA activation inhibits Tau phosphorylation in MPTP-treated human neuroblastoma M17 cells.J Biol Chem.2011 Feb 18;286(7):5055-68.
  • MPTP hydrochloride


    MPTP up-regulates intracellular α-synuclein protein in neuroblastoma M17 cells.J Biol Chem.2011 Feb 18;286(7):5055-68.
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