Mepivacaine hydrochloride inhibits sodium influx and membrane depolarization by binding to particular voltage-gated sodium channels in the membranes of neuronal cells. This leads to reversible sensory loss and a blockage in the beginning and conduction of nerve impulses. This medication acts more quickly and lasts for a moderate amount of time when compared to other local anesthetics [2]. Compared to procaine, mepivacaine hydrochloride acts more quickly at first and for a longer amount of time in the middle [3]. Preferential usage-dependent blockage of Na(v)1.8 is demonstrated by mepivacaine hydrochloride, while TTX Na(+) channels are preferred by S(-)-bupivacaine [4].

Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation
No information is available on the use of mepivacaine during breastfeeding. Based on the low excretion of other local anesthetics into breastmilk, a single dose of mepivacaine during breastfeeding is unlikely to adversely affect the breastfed infant. However, an alternate drug may be preferred, especially while nursing a newborn or preterm infant.
Mepivacaine given during labor as a local anesthetic to the mother has been reported to interfere with initial nursing behavior of some infants, but not weight gain during the first 5 days postpartum. Although not well studied specifically with mepivacaine, it appears that with good breastfeeding support, epidural local anesthetics with or without fentanyl or one of its derivatives has little or no adverse effect on breastfeeding success. Labor pain medication may delay the onset of lactation. More study is required to clarify the effect of mepivacaine during labor on breastfeeding outcome.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk
In a study that compared extradural administration of mepivacaine, bupivacaine and lidocaine for analgesia during normal childbirth, no differences were found in weight changes over the first 5 days after delivery among the breastfed infants of the 3 groups. Overall weight gain was within normal limits for all groups.
Of 6 infants whose mothers received a pudendal block with mepivacaine within the hour before delivery, 4 took longer to begin nursing behavior and nursed less initially than 10 infants whose mothers received no anesthesia during labor. The long-term consequences of these differences were not reported.
A national survey of women and their infants from late pregnancy through 12 months postpartum compared the time of lactogenesis II in mothers who did and did not receive pain medication during labor. Categories of medication were spinal or epidural only, spinal or epidural plus another medication, and other pain medication only. Women who received medications from any of the categories had about twice the risk of having delayed lactogenesis II (>72 hours) compared to women who received no labor pain medication.

[1]. ECMO for Cardiac Rescue after Accidental Intravenous Mepivacaine Application. Case Rep Pediatr. 2012;2012:491692.

[2]. mepivacaine hydrochloride.

[3]. Pharmacokinetics of the enantiomers of mepivacaine after intravenous administration of the racemate in volunteers. Anesth Analg, 1997. 84(1): p. 85-9.

[4]. Leffler, A., J. Reckzeh, and C. Nau, Block of sensory neuronal Na+ channels by the secreolytic ambroxol is associated with an interaction with local anesthetic binding sites. Eur J Pharmacol, 2010. 630(1-3): p. 19-28.

Mepivacaine hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of mepivacaine. It is used as a local anaesthetic. It has a role as a local anaesthetic. It is a piperidinecarboxamide and a hydrochloride. It is functionally related to a mepivacaine.
Mepivacaine Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of mepivacaine, an amide derivative with local anesthetic properties. At the injection site, mepivacaine hydrochloride acts by binding to specific membrane sodium ion channels in the neuronal cell membranes, thereby inhibiting sodium influx. This leads to a blockage of nerve impulse conduction and results in a loss of sensation.
A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168)
See also: Mepivacaine (has active moiety); Levonordefrin; Mepivacaine Hydrochloride (component of).

C15H23CLN2O

282.8089

282.149

1722-62-9

(+)-Mepivacaine;24358-84-7;Mepivacaine;96-88-8

66070

White to off-white solid powder

383.1ºC at 760 mmHg

255-257ºC (dec.)

185.5ºC

4.52E-06mmHg at 25°C

3.539

2

2

2

19

282

0

RETIMRUQNCDCQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C15H22N2O.ClH/c1-11-7-6-8-12(2)14(11)16-15(18)13-9-4-5-10-17(13)3;/h6-8,13H,4-5,9-10H2,1-3H3,(H,16,18);1H

N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1-methylpiperidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light.

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

H2O : ~100 mg/mL (~353.59 mM)

Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (353.59 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.

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 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)