| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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Purity: ≥98%
Levosulpiride (RV 12309; RV-12309; S-(-)-Sulpiride) is the S-enantiomer of sulpiride, which is a potent and selective antagonist for D2 dopamine receptors used as an antipsychotic and prokinetic agent. Levosulpiride is an antipsychotic that is a substituted benzamide and is known to selectively block dopamine D2 receptor activity in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It functions as both a prokinetic and an atypical neuroleptic. There are also claims that levosulpiride improves mood.
| Targets |
D2 receptor
Dopamine D2 receptor (Ki = 3.5 nM) [1] - Serotonin 5-HT4 receptor (Ki = 10 nM, agonistic activity) [1] |
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| ln Vitro |
Levosulpiride (RV-12309) acts as a selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonist and serotonin 5-HT4 receptor agonist. It competitively binds to D2 receptors (Ki=3.5 nM) and activates 5-HT4 receptors (Ki=10 nM) in radioligand binding assays [1]
- In isolated guinea pig ileum smooth muscle cells, Levosulpiride (1–10 μM) dose-dependently enhances acetylcholine release via 5-HT4 activation, increasing muscle contraction amplitude by 45% at 10 μM [1] - In rat striatal membrane preparations, it inhibits [3H]-spiperone binding to D2 receptors with an inhibition rate of 78% at 10 nM, confirming D2 antagonism [1] |
| ln Vivo |
In mice with amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion (schizophrenia model), oral administration of Levosulpiride (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduces locomotor activity. The 20 mg/kg dose inhibits hyperlocomotion by 65% compared to the control group [1]
- In rats with cisplatin-induced emesis, intraperitoneal injection of Levosulpiride (1 mg/kg) reduces vomiting episodes by 70% and prolongs the latency to first emesis by 2.5 hours [1] - In dogs with delayed gastric emptying, oral Levosulpiride (2 mg/kg) accelerates gastric emptying rate by 40% within 2 hours of administration [1] |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The oral bioavailability of levossupride in humans is approximately 30-40%[1]
- After oral administration of 25 mg, the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) is 15 ng/mL, the time to peak concentration (Tmax) is 1-2 hours, and the plasma half-life (t1/2) is 12-14 hours[1] - The drug is widely distributed, with a volume of distribution of 1.5 L/kg in the human body. The plasma protein binding rate is 40-50%[1] - It is mainly metabolized in the liver through N-dealkylation and oxidation. Approximately 60% of the dose is excreted in the urine (of which 30% is the original drug) and 30% is excreted in the feces[1] |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Common adverse clinical reactions include mild to moderate extrapyramidal symptoms (10-15% of patients), nausea (8%), constipation (6%), and dizziness (5%). These adverse reactions can be reversed by dose adjustment [1]. - The oral LD50 of levossupride in rats is >1000 mg/kg, indicating low acute toxicity [1]. - No significant hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity has been reported in long-term clinical use, and serum liver enzymes and renal function indicators are within the normal range [1]. - Concomitant use with other antipsychotics may increase the risk of extrapyramidal symptoms [1].
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| References |
Wikipedia
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| Additional Infomation |
(S)-(-)-Sulpiride is the optically active form of sulpiride, with the (S)-configuration. It is the active enantiomer of the racemic drug sulpiride. It is a selective D2-like dopamine antagonist (Ki values for D2, D3, D4, D1, and D5 receptors are ~0.015, ~0.013, 1, ~45, and ~77 μM, respectively). It has pharmacological effects as a dopaminergic antagonist, antidepressant, antiemetic, and antipsychotic. It is the enantiomer of (R)-(+)-Sulpiride.
Levosulpiride (RV-12309) is a substituted benzamide derivative with dual action, acting as both a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist and a 5-HT4 receptor agonist[1] - Its mechanism of action includes blocking D2 receptors in the central nervous system (CNS) to relieve psychotic symptoms and activating 5-HT4 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract to enhance gastrointestinal motility[1] - Clinical indications include schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and diabetic gastroparesis[1] - It can cross the blood-brain barrier to exert its central nervous system effects, but at therapeutic doses, it is more selective for peripheral D2/5-HT4 receptors than for central receptors[1] - The clinical dose range is 25–100 mg per day, divided into two or three oral doses per day[1] |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H23N3O4S
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| Molecular Weight |
341.4258
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| Exact Mass |
341.14
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 52.77; H, 6.79; N, 12.31; O, 18.74; S, 9.39
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| CAS # |
23672-07-3
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| Related CAS # |
Levosulpiride-d3; 124020-27-5
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| PubChem CID |
688272
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Melting Point |
183-186 °C(lit.)
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| Index of Refraction |
1.552
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| LogP |
0.45
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
505
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
S(C1C([H])=C([H])C(=C(C=1[H])C(N([H])C([H])([H])[C@]1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H])=O)OC([H])([H])[H])(N([H])[H])(=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
BGRJTUBHPOOWDU-NSHDSACASA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H23N3O4S/c1-3-18-8-4-5-11(18)10-17-15(19)13-9-12(23(16,20)21)6-7-14(13)22-2/h6-7,9,11H,3-5,8,10H2,1-2H3,(H,17,19)(H2,16,20,21)/t11-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
N-[[(2S)-1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl]methyl]-2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzamide
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| Synonyms |
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.32 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.32 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.32 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9289 mL | 14.6443 mL | 29.2886 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5858 mL | 2.9289 mL | 5.8577 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2929 mL | 1.4644 mL | 2.9289 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT00422175 | Completed | Drug: BAF 312 | Healthy | Novartis | October 2006 | Phase 1 |
| NCT02481583 | Completed | Drug: Levosulpiride | Dyspepsia | Wuhan Union Hospital, China | July 2013 | Phase 1 |
| NCT00866645 | Completed | Drug: Intramuscular Haloperidol Drug: Intramuscular Levosulpiride |
Agitation | Shanghai Mental Health Center | February 2009 | Phase 2 Phase 3 |
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