| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Kushenol I targets multiple pharmacologically relevant targets including GABAA receptors, cytochrome P450 isoforms, GSK3β, and the PINK1/Parkin pathway. It also exhibits inhibitory activity against sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2). The compound inhibits inflammatory signaling proteins such as AKT, p38 MAPK, PI3K, NLRP3, FOXO1, and TLR4.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, kushenol I increases IL-10 expression and inhibits key inflammatory signaling proteins such as AKT, p38 MAPK, PI3K, NLRP3, FOXO1, and TLR4. It exhibits inhibitory activity against SGLT2 and is active against the plant pathogenic fungus Cladosporium cucumerinum. The compound also exhibits quantifiable estrogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal activities.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, kushenol I has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse models. Oral administration improves colon length, body weight, and disease scores while reducing inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α) and increasing IL-10 expression. It enhances intestinal barrier integrity, modulates gut microbiota, and elevates splenic T-cell proportions.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays, kushenol I can be evaluated against multiple targets including GABAA receptors, cytochrome P450 isoforms, and SGLT2. Receptor binding assays using radiolabeled ligands are performed to determine affinity. Enzyme inhibition assays using recombinant enzymes or microsomal preparations are performed with specific substrates, and activity is measured by LC-MS/MS or fluorescence detection.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, kushenol I is typically tested on immune cells or intestinal epithelial cells. Cells are treated with the compound at various concentrations (typically 1-100 μM) and stimulated with inflammatory stimuli. Cytokine production is measured by ELISA. Inflammatory signaling proteins are assessed by Western blotting. Gut barrier function can be assessed using transepithelial electrical resistance measurements.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, kushenol I is typically administered orally to DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse models. Disease activity index, body weight, and colon length are measured. Inflammatory cytokines in colon tissues are measured by ELISA or qPCR. Histopathological examination of colon tissues is performed. Gut microbiota composition is analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Splenic T-cell populations are analyzed by flow cytometry.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for kushenol I are limited. As a flavonol with a molecular weight of 454.51 g/mol and formula C₂₆H₃₀O₇, it is expected to have moderate oral bioavailability. Standard pharmacokinetic studies would be required to determine its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion profile.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for kushenol I are limited. As a natural product isolate, it is generally considered to have low toxicity at pharmacological doses. However, comprehensive toxicological studies have not been extensively reported. The compound is classified as a research-grade reagent and is not for human use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Reports indicate that Sophora flavescens and Sophora flavescens contain matrine N, and relevant data are available for reference.
Kushenol I is a research-use only compound and has not been approved for clinical applications. It is also known as苦参醇I in Chinese. The compound is isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens. Its molecular weight is 454.51 and formula is C₂₆H₃₀O₇. It is available from various research chemical suppliers. |
| Molecular Formula |
C26H32O8
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
472.52748
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| Exact Mass |
438.167
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| CAS # |
99119-69-4
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| PubChem CID |
381851
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
676.2±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
230.9±25.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.2 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.665
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| LogP |
5.66
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
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| Heavy Atom Count |
33
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| Complexity |
730
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC(=CC[C@H](CC1=C2C(=C(C=C1O)OC)C(=O)[C@@H]([C@@H](C3=C(C=C(C=C3)O)O)O2)O)C(=C)C)C
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| InChi Key |
QKEDJCCCNZWOBS-SGOPFIAHSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C26H30O7/c1-13(2)6-7-15(14(3)4)10-18-20(29)12-21(32-5)22-23(30)24(31)26(33-25(18)22)17-9-8-16(27)11-19(17)28/h6,8-9,11-12,15,24,26-29,31H,3,7,10H2,1-2,4-5H3/t15-,24+,26-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3R)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-[(2R)-5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylhex-4-enyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~220.02 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.50 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.50 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1163 mL | 10.5813 mL | 21.1627 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4233 mL | 2.1163 mL | 4.2325 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2116 mL | 1.0581 mL | 2.1163 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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