| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250mg |
|
||
| 500mg |
|
||
| 1g |
|
||
| 2g | |||
| Other Sizes |
Purity: =99.14%
| Targets |
Iproniazid targets monoamine oxidase (MAO), an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of monoamine neurotransmitters including serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. As an irreversible inhibitor of both MAO-A and MAO-B, it increases the levels of these neurotransmitters in the brain.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Iproniazid is a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor. By inhibiting MAO, it prevents the breakdown of monoamine neurotransmitters, leading to increased synaptic levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. This mechanism underlies its antidepressant effects. The compound was the first antidepressant developed.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Iproniazid was used as an antidepressant and also as an anti-tuberculosis drug. Its use as an antidepressant was limited due to significant toxicity, including hepatotoxicity. Despite this, it represents an important historical compound in the development of psychopharmacology.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free MAO assays for Iproniazid utilize purified MAO-A or MAO-B enzyme and a suitable substrate (e.g., kynuramine, tyramine, or serotonin). The enzyme reaction is performed in the presence of increasing concentrations of the compound. The production of the deaminated metabolite is quantified spectrophotometrically or by fluorometry. IC50 values are determined from concentration-response curves.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cells expressing MAO (e.g., neuronal cell lines, hepatocytes) are treated with Iproniazid at various concentrations. MAO activity is assessed by measuring the metabolism of monoamine substrates. Cellular monoamine levels are measured by HPLC. Cell viability is monitored to assess cytotoxicity.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Iproniazid were historically conducted in rodent models of depression. The compound was administered via oral or intraperitoneal routes. Behavioral assays (e.g., forced swim test, tail suspension test) were performed to assess antidepressant-like effects. Monoamine levels in brain tissue were measured.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Iproniazid is orally bioavailable. As a small molecule (MW 179.22, formula C9H13N3O), it is absorbed after oral administration and distributed to various tissues. The compound is metabolized in the liver. PK parameters have been characterized in historical studies.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Iproniazid has significant toxicity, particularly hepatotoxicity, which limited its clinical use. It can also cause orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, and other adverse effects. As an irreversible MAOI, it has potential for drug interactions and dietary tyramine interactions (hypertensive crisis). Standard toxicological assessments were conducted historically.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Iproniazid is a carbapenemhydrin compound belonging to the pyridine class. Due to interactions with tyrosine-containing foods, it was withdrawn from the Canadian market in July 1964. It is an irreversible monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitor used as an antidepressant. It was also used as an anti-tuberculosis drug, but its use was limited due to its toxicity. Drug Indications: For the treatment of depression (originally used to treat tuberculosis). Pharmacodynamics: Iproniazid is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) and was the first antidepressant developed.
Iproniazid (molecular formula C9H13N3O, MW 179.22) is also known as Marsilid, Iprazid, and 1-Isonicotinoyl-2-isopropylhydrazine. It was the first antidepressant developed and was originally used as an anti-tuberculosis drug. Its use was limited due to hepatotoxicity. The compound is intended for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C9H13N3O
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
179.22
|
|
| Exact Mass |
179.106
|
|
| CAS # |
54-92-2
|
|
| Related CAS # |
Iproniazid phosphate;305-33-9
|
|
| PubChem CID |
3748
|
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
|
| Melting Point |
161-161.5
|
|
| LogP |
1.506
|
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
13
|
|
| Complexity |
164
|
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
|
| SMILES |
CC(C)NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1
|
|
| InChi Key |
NYMGNSNKLVNMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H13N3O/c1-7(2)11-12-9(13)8-3-5-10-6-4-8/h3-7,11H,1-2H3,(H,12,13)
|
|
| Chemical Name |
N'-propan-2-ylpyridine-4-carbohydrazide
|
|
| Synonyms |
|
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
|
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.95 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.95 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.95 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.5797 mL | 27.8987 mL | 55.7973 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.1159 mL | 5.5797 mL | 11.1595 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5580 mL | 2.7899 mL | 5.5797 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
COA