| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| Targets |
Harpagide modulates NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine production and oxidative stress. It exhibits antiparasitic activity against Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. The compound shows cytotoxic activity against A431, HeLa, and MCF7 cell lines.
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| ln Vitro |
Harpagide, at 90 μg/mL, exhibited more than 50% cytotoxic action against HeLa and A431, respectively. The MCF7 cell line was subjected to the cytotoxic effect of 90 μg/mL of Harpagide [3].
In vitro, harpagide exerts significant antileishmanial activity against L. donovani with an IC₅₀ of 2.0 μg/mL and shows good trypanosome insecticidal activity against T.b. rhodesiense with an IC₅₀ of 21 μg/mL. It shows cytotoxic activity over 50% at a concentration of 90 μg/mL on A431, HeLa, and MCF7 cell lines. The compound also possesses significant anti-inflammatory activities. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies on harpagide are limited. Based on its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, the compound may have potential in arthritis, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders. Its antiparasitic activity suggests potential in infectious disease research. Further in vivo studies are needed to fully characterize its pharmacological effects and therapeutic potential.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro antiparasitic assays, harpagide is tested against Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Parasites are cultured in appropriate media and incubated with varying concentrations of the compound. Parasite viability is assessed using microscopy or colorimetric assays (such as Alamar Blue). IC₅₀ values are calculated from dose-response curves.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, harpagide is typically tested on A431, HeLa, and MCF7 cancer cell lines. Cells are treated with the compound at various concentrations (typically 1-100 μg/mL) for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CCK-8 assays. Cytotoxicity is calculated as a percentage of cell death relative to untreated controls. IC₅₀ values are determined from dose-response curves.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for harpagide have not been extensively reported. Based on its anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic activities, potential experimental models include parasite infection models and inflammation models in mice or rats. The compound could be administered orally or intraperitoneally, with parasite load or inflammatory markers assessed as pharmacodynamic endpoints.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for harpagide are limited. As an iridoid glycoside, it is expected to have moderate oral bioavailability. The compound may undergo metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Standard pharmacokinetic studies would be required to determine its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion profile.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for harpagide are limited. The compound shows cytotoxic activity at high concentrations (90 μg/mL) on cancer cell lines. However, comprehensive toxicological studies have not been extensively reported. The compound is classified as a research-grade reagent and is not for human use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Harpagoside has been reported to be found in Caryopteris incana, Scrophularia buergeriana, and other organisms for which data are available. See also: Harpagophytum zeyheri root (partial).
Harpagide is a research-use only compound and has not been approved for clinical applications. It is also known as哈巴苷 in Chinese. The compound is isolated from Scrophularia ningpoensis. Its molecular weight and formula are well-characterized. It is available from various research chemical suppliers. |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H24O10
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
364.3451
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| Exact Mass |
364.136
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 49.45; H, 6.64; O, 43.91
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| CAS # |
6926-08-5
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| PubChem CID |
93045
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| Appearance |
Off-white to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.7±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
637.1±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
339.1±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±4.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.663
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| LogP |
-3.69
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
7
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
10
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
25
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| Complexity |
528
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
10
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| SMILES |
O([H])[C@]12C([H])=C([H])OC([H])(C1([H])[C@@](C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[C@]2([H])O[H])O[H])O[C@]1([H])[C@]([H])([C@@]([H])([C@]([H])([C@]([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])O1)O[H])O[H])O[H]
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| InChi Key |
XUWSHXDEJOOIND-ZATIHQEFSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H24O10/c1-14(21)4-7(17)15(22)2-3-23-13(11(14)15)25-12-10(20)9(19)8(18)6(5-16)24-12/h2-3,6-13,16-22H,4-5H2,1H3/t6-,7-,8-,9+,10-,11?,12+,13+,14+,15-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(1S,4aS,5R,7S)-7-methyl-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,5,6,7a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4a,5,7-triol
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| Synonyms |
Harpagide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~274.46 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.86 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.86 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.86 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.7446 mL | 13.7231 mL | 27.4461 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5489 mL | 2.7446 mL | 5.4892 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2745 mL | 1.3723 mL | 2.7446 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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