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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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Purity: ≥98%
Gliquidone (also known as AR-DF 26; Glurenorm; Beglynor) is a potent ATP-sensitive K+ channel antagonist with potential anti0diabetic activity. It inhibits ATP-sensitive K + channel with an IC50 of 27.2 NM. As a sulfonylurea anti-diabetic drug , it is used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, gliquidone reduced the mean plasma glucose levels by 15% and increased insulin levels by 40%. In Caucasian patients with new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) after kidney transplantation, gliquidone reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) from 154 mg/dl to 120 mg/dl.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Biological Half-Life
The mean terminal half-life was approximately 8 hours (range 5.7-9.4 hours) |
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| References |
Fundam Clin Pharmacol.1991;5(2):107-15;Arzneimittelforschung.1997 Mar;47(3):247-52.
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| Additional Infomation |
1-cyclohexyl-3-[4-[2-(7-methoxy-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxo-2-isoquinolinyl)ethyl]phenyl]sulfonylurea is a member of isoquinolines.
Gliquidone is a sulfonylurea drug used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2. It is an ATP-dependent K+ (KATP) channel blocker. This block causes a depolarization which leads to activation of voltage-dependent Ca channels and Ca2+ influx, and eventually increases insulin release. Gliquidone is a potent, second-generation sulfonylurea with antihyperglycemic activity. Like other second-generation compounds, gliquidone exerts greater binding affinity to SUR1 and increased potency compared to first-generation compounds. In addition, this agent exerts peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma agonistic activity. Drug Indication Used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. Mechanism of Action The mechanism of action of gliquidone in lowering blood glucose appears to be dependent on stimulating the release of insulin from functioning pancreatic beta cells, and increasing sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin. Gliquidone likely binds to ATP-sensitive potassium channel receptors on the pancreatic cell surface, reducing potassium conductance and causing depolarization of the membrane. Membrane depolarization stimulates calcium ion influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. This increase in intracellular calcium ion concentration induces the secretion of insulin. Pharmacodynamics Gliquidone is an anti-diabetic drug in the sulfonylurea class. In patients with diabetes mellitus, there is a deficiency or absence of a hormone manufactured by the pancreas called insulin. Insulin is the main hormone responsible for the control of sugar in the blood. Gliquidone is an antidiabetic medication which is used in those patients with adult maturity onset or non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM). It works by lowering blood sugar levels by stimulating the production and release of insulin from the pancreas. It also promotes the movement of sugar from the blood into the cells in the body which need it. |
| Molecular Formula |
C27H33N3O6S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
527.63
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| Exact Mass |
527.208
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| CAS # |
33342-05-1
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| Related CAS # |
Gliquidone-d6
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| PubChem CID |
91610
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Melting Point |
179ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.624
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| LogP |
3.11
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
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| Heavy Atom Count |
37
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| Complexity |
948
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O=S(C1=CC=C(CCN(C(C(C)(C)C2=C3C=C(OC)C=C2)=O)C3=O)C=C1)(NC(NC4CCCCC4)=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
LLJFMFZYVVLQKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C27H33N3O6S/c1-27(2)23-14-11-20(36-3)17-22(23)24(31)30(25(27)32)16-15-18-9-12-21(13-10-18)37(34,35)29-26(33)28-19-7-5-4-6-8-19/h9-14,17,19H,4-8,15-16H2,1-3H3,(H2,28,29,33)
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| Chemical Name |
1-cyclohexyl-3-[4-[2-(7-methoxy-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxoisoquinolin-2-yl)ethyl]phenyl]sulfonylurea
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| Synonyms |
Gliquidone; Glurenorm; Beglynor; Glikvidon; Glycvidon; Sanofi Synthelabo brand of gliquidone; Yamanouchi brand of gliquidone; AR-DF 26
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.74 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (4.74 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.74 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 2% DMSO +Corn oil : 5mg/mL |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.8953 mL | 9.4763 mL | 18.9527 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3791 mL | 1.8953 mL | 3.7905 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1895 mL | 0.9476 mL | 1.8953 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT00568074 | Completed | Drug: repaglinide Drug: Glurenorm® |
Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
Novo Nordisk A/S | December 16, 2003 | Phase 4 |
| NCT02475499 | Completed | Drug: DPP-4 inhibitors Drug: GLP-1 analogs |
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 | Canadian Network for Observational Drug Effect Studies, CNODES |
March 2014 | |
| NCT02476760 | Completed | Drug: DPP-4 inhibitors Drug: GLP-1 analogs |
Recurrent Glioma Refractory Glioma |
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 | March 2014 | |
| NCT02456428 | Completed | Drug: DPP-4 inhibitors Drug: GLP-1 analogs |
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | Canadian Network for Observational Drug Effect Studies, CNODES |
March 2014 |
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