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Purity: ≥98%
Forskolin (HL-362; L-75-1362B; NSC-357088; NSC-375489; Coleonol; Colforsin), a naturally occurring and cell-permeable diterpene extracted from the Indian Coleus plant (C. forskohlii), is a ubiquitous activator of eukaryotic adenylyl cyclase (AC) in a wide variety of cell types. It can improve the in vivo production of bone by human mesenchymal stromal cells. In the study and investigation of cell physiology, forskolin is frequently used to increase cAMP levels. With an IC50 of 41 nM and an EC50 of 0.5 μM for type I adenylyl cyclase, respectively, it functions as a strong activator of adenylate cyclase. In the rat myometrium, forskolin regulates the production of cyclic AMP. Interactions with isoproterenol and prostaglandins E2 and I2.
| Targets |
Adenylyl cyclase ( IC50 = 41 nM ); Adenylyl cyclase ( EC50 = 0.5 μM )
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| ln Vitro |
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| ln Vivo |
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| Cell Assay |
In 96-well plates, 5×104 cells of either MT-2 or Quiescent Kit 225 are seeded into each well. Afterwards, cells are pretreated for one hour at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 μM of forskolin or 1% DMSO (vehicle). Following 20 hours of culture at 37°C and IL-2 stimulation, the cells are harvested. A 20-hour treatment of 1% DMSO is given to control cells. [3H]thymidine is pulsed into the cells at a concentration of 0.5 μCi/200 μL during the last 4 hours of incubation. Using liquid scintillation counting, cells are collected onto fiberglass filters for analysis.
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| Animal Protocol |
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| References |
| Molecular Formula |
C22H34O7
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| Molecular Weight |
410.5
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| Exact Mass |
410.23
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 64.37; H, 8.35; O, 27.28
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| CAS # |
66575-29-9
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| Related CAS # |
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| SMILES |
CC(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]2[C@]([C@H](CCC2(C)C)O)([C@@]3([C@@]1(O[C@@](CC3=O)(C)C=C)C)O)C)O
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| InChi Key |
OHCQJHSOBUTRHG-KGGHGJDLSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H34O7/c1-8-19(5)11-14(25)22(27)20(6)13(24)9-10-18(3,4)16(20)15(26)17(28-12(2)23)21(22,7)29-19/h8,13,15-17,24,26-27H,1,9-11H2,2-7H3/t13-,15-,16-,17-,19-,20-,21+,22-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(3R,4aR,5S,6S,6aS,10S,10aR,10bS)-3-ethenyl-6,10,10b-trihydroxy-3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-1-oxo-5,6,6a,8,9,10-hexahydro-2H-benzo[f]chromen-5-yl] acetate
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| Synonyms |
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.09 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.09 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4361 mL | 12.1803 mL | 24.3605 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4872 mL | 2.4361 mL | 4.8721 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2436 mL | 1.2180 mL | 2.4361 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT01254006 | Completed | Drug: forskolin, rutin and vitamins B1 and B2 |
Glaucoma | University of Roma La Sapienza | N/A | Not Applicable |
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