| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
5-HT1A ( pKi = 8.33 )
Eptapirone selectively targets the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor that mediates serotonergic neurotransmission in the brain. As a high-efficacy agonist, eptapirone activates the receptor, leading to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase and modulation of neuronal excitability. In HeLa cells expressing human 5-HT1A receptors, eptapirone reduces the increase in cAMP that forskolin causes. Its intrinsic activity is 1.0 relative to 5-HT, which is significantly higher than that of flesinoxan (0.93), ipsapirone (0.46), and buspirone (0.49). |
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| ln Vitro |
Eptapirone has a higher affinity (pKi, 8.33) for 5-HT1A binding sites than buspirone (pKi, 7.50), but a somewhat lower affinity (pKi, 8.91) than flesinoxan. When Eptapirone is added to HeLa cells expressing human 5-HT1A receptors, it reduces the increase in AMP that forskolin causes. Based on its maximal effect, Eptapirone's intrinsic activity is found to be 1.0 in relation to 5-HT, which is significantly higher than that of flesinoxan (0.93), ipsapirone (0.46), and buspirone (0.49). [1]
In vitro, eptapirone has a higher affinity (pKi = 8.33) for 5-HT1A binding sites than buspirone (pKi = 7.50). When added to HeLa cells expressing human 5-HT1A receptors, it reduces the increase in cAMP that forskolin causes. Based on its maximal effect, eptapirone's intrinsic activity is found to be 1.0 relative to 5-HT, significantly higher than that of flesinoxan (0.93), ipsapirone (0.46), and buspirone (0.49). It shows >100-fold higher affinity for the 5-HT1A receptor compared to other serotonin receptor subtypes, and has no detectable antidopaminergic or antihistaminergic activity. |
| ln Vivo |
In rat pre- and postsynaptic receptors, Eptapirone (F11440) exhibits 4- to 20-fold greater potency than flesinoxan and 30- to 60-fold greater potency than buspirone in terms of 5-HT1A agonist activity (measured, for example, by its ability to decrease hippocampal extracellular serotonin (5-HT) levels and to increase plasma corticosterone levels, respectively). In comparison to buspirone, ipsapirone, and flesinoxan, epopirone produced more significant anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in animal models (increased punished responding in a pigeon conflict procedure and decreased immobility in a rat forced swimming test, respectively). [1]
In vivo, eptapirone exhibits 4- to 20-fold greater potency than flesinoxan and 30- to 60-fold greater potency than buspirone in terms of 5-HT1A agonist activity, as measured by its ability to decrease hippocampal extracellular serotonin (5-HT) levels and to increase plasma corticosterone levels. In animal models, eptapirone produces more significant anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects compared to buspirone, ipsapirone, and flesinoxan. |
| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cellular receptor binding assays for eptapirone involve competitive radioligand binding displacement studies using membrane preparations from cells expressing the human 5-HT1A receptor. The membranes are incubated with a radiolabeled 5-HT1A-selective ligand (e.g., [³H]8-OH-DPAT) and varying concentrations of eptapirone. Following incubation and filtration, bound radioactivity is measured by scintillation counting. IC₅₀ values are determined from displacement curves and converted to Ki values using the Cheng-Prusoff equation.
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| Cell Assay |
DMEM and 10 mM HEPES are preincubated in cells for 10 minutes at room temperature. DMEM, 10 mM HEPES, 100 M forskolin, 100 M IBMX, and suitable vehicle controls are then added to the cells along with drugs at concentrations ranging from 0.1 nM to 100 M. Antagonists are added at the same time as the agonists. Aspirating the medium and adding 0.1 N HCl stops the reaction at the conclusion of the treatment (10 min at room temperature). A commercially available kit is used to measure the cAMP content of cellular extract that has been diluted 1:500 or 1:400 in radioimmunoassay buffer.
In vitro cellular assays for eptapirone involve treating HeLa cells expressing human 5-HT1A receptors with the compound and measuring receptor-mediated signaling. Cells are preincubated in DMEM and 10 mM HEPES for 10 minutes at room temperature. Then, DMEM, 10 mM HEPES, 100 µM forskolin, 100 µM IBMX, and drugs at concentrations ranging from 0.1 nM to 100 µM are added. The reaction is stopped by aspirating the medium and adding 0.1 N HCl. The cAMP content of cellular extract is measured using a commercially available kit. |
| Animal Protocol |
Rats: F 11440 was suspended in distilled water for in vivo experiments by adding Tween 80 (2 drops/10 ml). F 11440 was dissolved in a 60% PEG and 40% physiological saline mixture before being injected intravenously. Doses are given in terms of the free base's weight. Rats were housed individually in a restricted area that was only accessible by the experimenter twenty-four hours prior to use in the experiments. They were fed 15 g of standard laboratory food, and water was kept freely available. Between 8:00 and 10:30 in the morning, drug treatments were administered to the animals, who were then beheaded and their trunk blood was extracted. When given p.o., F 11440 (or vehicle) was administered 60 minutes before decapitation, and when given i.p., it was administered 30 minutes before decapitation[1].
In vivo animal experiments with eptapirone are conducted in rodent models of anxiety and depression. The compound's anxiolytic effects are evaluated using the pigeon conflict procedure, where it increases punished responding. Antidepressant-like effects are assessed using the rat forced swimming test, where it decreases immobility. The compound's effects on hippocampal extracellular serotonin levels and plasma corticosterone levels are measured to assess 5-HT1A agonist activity in pre- and postsynaptic receptors. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Eptapirone has a molecular weight of 353.42 and a molecular formula of C₂₁H₂₇N₅O. It is a solid powder with a purity of ≥98%. The compound is soluble in DMSO. It is typically stored at -20°C, protected from light and moisture. Eptapirone is the free base form. The compound is stable under recommended storage conditions.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Eptapirone is a research compound for laboratory use only and is not approved for human therapeutic use. In preclinical studies, it has been generally well-tolerated at therapeutic doses. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound. It may cause skin, eye, and respiratory irritation. Appropriate personal protective equipment should be used.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Eptapirone is an N-arylpiperazine.
Eptapirone (F11440; CAS 179756-58-2) is a potent, selective, and high efficacy 5-HT1A receptor agonist with a pKi of 8.33. It exhibits marked anxiolytic and antidepressant potential. Eptapirone has higher affinity than buspirone and shows 4- to 20-fold greater potency in vivo than flesinoxan, and 30- to 60-fold greater potency than buspirone. The compound is available from various commercial suppliers for research applications. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H23N7O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
345.407
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| Exact Mass |
345.19
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 55.64; H, 6.71; N, 28.39; O, 9.26
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| CAS # |
179756-58-2
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| Related CAS # |
179756-85-5 (fumarate); 179756-58-2
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| PubChem CID |
208928
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
519.9±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
268.2±32.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.4 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.563
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| LogP |
-0.34
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
25
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| Complexity |
499
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O=C1N(C([H])([H])[H])C(C([H])=NN1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(C2N=C([H])C([H])=C([H])N=2)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H])=O
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| InChi Key |
NMYAHEULKSYAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H23N7O2/c1-20-14(24)13-19-23(16(20)25)8-3-2-7-21-9-11-22(12-10-21)15-17-5-4-6-18-15/h4-6,13H,2-3,7-12H2,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
4-methyl-2-[4-(4-pyrimidin-2-ylpiperazin-1-yl)butyl]-1,2,4-triazine-3,5-dione
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| Synonyms |
Eptapirone free base; Eptapirone; L0068; L-0068; L 0068; F11440; F-11440; F 11440
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 69~250 mg/mL (199.8~723.8 mM)
Ethanol: ~39 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.24 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.24 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.24 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8951 mL | 14.4756 mL | 28.9511 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5790 mL | 2.8951 mL | 5.7902 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2895 mL | 1.4476 mL | 2.8951 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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