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Dasabuvir (ABT-333)

Alias: ABT333; ABT-333; ABT 333; Dasabuvir; 1132935-63-7; exviera; Trade names: Viekira Pak
Cat No.:V3263 Purity: ≥98%
Dasabuvir (formerly known as ABT-333; ABT333;trade name Exviera, Viekira Pak, Viekira XR) is a nonnucleoside inhibitor of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase encoded by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B gene.
Dasabuvir (ABT-333)
Dasabuvir (ABT-333) Chemical Structure CAS No.: 1132935-63-7
Product category: HCV
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Other Forms of Dasabuvir (ABT-333):

  • Dasabuvir sodium
Official Supplier of:
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Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Purity: ≥98%

Product Description

Dasabuvir (formerly known as ABT-333; ABT333; trade name Exviera, Viekira Pak, Viekira XR) is a nonnucleoside inhibitor of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase encoded by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B gene. It inhibited recombinant NS5B polymerases derived from HCV genotype 1a and 1b clinical isolates, with IC50 values between 2.2 and 10.7 nM, and was at least 7,000-fold selective for the inhibition of HCV genotype 1 polymerases over human/mammalian polymerases. Dasabuvir is an FDA approved antiviral medication for the treatment of hepatitis C. It is often used together with the combination medication ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir specifically for hepatitis C virus (HCV) type 1.

Dasabuvir (also known as ABT-333) is a potent, non-nucleoside inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase . It is a key component of the direct-acting antiviral combination regimen known as the “3D” regimen, which includes dasabuvir, ombitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir (marketed as Viekira Pak) . Dasabuvir is specifically indicated for the treatment of chronic HCV genotype 1 infection, including patients with compensated cirrhosis, and has demonstrated sustained virological response rates exceeding 95% in clinical trials . The compound was approved by the FDA in 2014 as part of an interferon-free, all-oral treatment regimen.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
Targets
HCV genotype 1b N(IC50=2.2 ± 0.3 nM);HCV genotype 1a H77(IC50=2.8 ± 0.2 nM);HCV genotype 1b BK(IC50=3.1 ± 0.21 nM);HCV genotype 1b Con1(IC50=0.7 ± 1.4 nM)
Dasabuvir (ABT-333): Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (IC50: 2.2–10.7 nM for recombinant NS5B polymerases from HCV genotype 1a and 1b clinical isolates; EC50: 7.7 nM for HCV genotype 1a (strain H77) replicon, 1.8 nM for HCV genotype 1b (strain Con1) replicon, 0.15–8.57 nM for chimeric subgenomic replicons with NS5B genes from 22 genotype 1 clinical isolates) [1]
Dasabuvir targets the HCV nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, an essential enzyme for viral RNA replication . It is a non-nucleoside inhibitor (NNI) that binds to the palm I site of the NS5B polymerase, an allosteric site distinct from the active site . In biochemical enzymatic assays, dasabuvir inhibits recombinant NS5B polymerases derived from HCV genotype 1a and 1b clinical isolates with IC50 values ranging from 2.2 to 10.7 nM . The compound demonstrates high selectivity for HCV genotype 1 polymerases, with selectivity ratios of at least 7,000-fold over human/mammalian polymerases (including DNA polymerases alpha, beta, gamma; RNA polymerases II and III; and polymerase gamma-RT function) . Additionally, preclinical studies have identified that dasabuvir can inhibit the hERG channel (IKr current) with a half-inhibitory concentration of 3.2 μM, which may contribute to cardiac action potential prolongation .
ln Vitro
Dasabuvir is at least 7,000-fold selective for the inhibition of HCV genotype 1 polymerases over human/mammalian polymerases. Dasabuvir inhibits the polymerase enzymatic activity of genotype 1 laboratory strain enzymes (H77, BK, N, and Con1 strains), as well as enzymes produced from polymerase genes from HCV genotype 1-infected subjects, with IC50s between 2.2 and 10.7 nM. Dasabuvir inhibits replication of HCV subgenomic replicons in cell culture assays, with EC50 values of 7.7 and 1.8 nM against genotype 1a (H77) and 1b (Con1), respectively. In the presence of 40% human plasma, there is a 12- to 13-fold decrease in inhibitory potency, yielding EC50s of 99 and 21 nM for HCV genotype 1a (H77) and 1b (Con1) replicons, respectively.
1. Dasabuvir exhibited potent inhibitory activity against recombinant NS5B polymerases derived from HCV genotype 1a and 1b clinical isolates, with IC50 values ranging from 2.2 to 10.7 nM; the drug showed at least 7,000-fold selectivity for HCV genotype 1 polymerases over human and other mammalian polymerases, indicating minimal off-target effects on host enzymes [1]
2. In the HCV subgenomic replicon system, Dasabuvir inhibited viral replication in genotype 1a (H77 strain) and 1b (Con1 strain) replicons with EC50 values of 7.7 nM and 1.8 nM, respectively; the presence of 40% human plasma reduced its inhibitory potency by 13-fold, with the EC50 increasing to 100 nM for genotype 1a and 23 nM for genotype 1b replicons [1]
3. Against a panel of 22 chimeric subgenomic replicons carrying NS5B genes from treatment-naive HCV genotype 1 clinical isolates, Dasabuvir retained inhibitory activity with EC50 values spanning 0.15 to 8.57 nM, demonstrating efficacy against naturally occurring NS5B variants [1]
4. Long-term culture of replicon-containing cells in medium supplemented with Dasabuvir (at 10× or 100× the EC50) led to the emergence of resistant clones; sequencing of the NS5B coding region identified mutations including C316Y, M414T, Y448C/H, and S556G, all mapping to the palm I binding pocket of the NS5B polymerase [1]
5. Dasabuvir showed no cross-resistance with other HCV polymerase inhibitors: it retained full activity against replicons harboring the S282T mutation (a nucleoside inhibitor resistance variant) and thumb domain mutations (M423T, P495A/S, V499A) associated with resistance to other nonnucleoside inhibitors [1]
In biochemical enzymatic assays, dasabuvir inhibits HCV genotype 1a and 1b polymerases with IC50 values between 2.2 and 10.7 nM . The compound is at least 7,000-fold selective for HCV genotype 1 polymerases over human/mammalian polymerases . In HCV subgenomic replicon assays, dasabuvir inhibits genotype 1a (strain H77) and 1b (strain Con1) replication with EC50 values of 7.7 nM and 1.8 nM, respectively . In the presence of 40% human plasma, inhibitory potency decreases by approximately 12- to 13-fold, yielding EC50 values of 99 nM (genotype 1a) and 21 nM (genotype 1b) . Dasabuvir retains activity against a panel of chimeric subgenomic replicons containing NS5B genes from 22 genotype 1 clinical isolates from treatment-naive patients, with EC50 values ranging from 0.15 to 8.57 nM . Cytotoxicity testing reveals a CC50 of 10,360 nM, resulting in a therapeutic index exceeding 1,345 . Additionally, dasabuvir has been shown to inhibit replication of other flaviviruses, including Zika virus, West Nile virus, and tick-borne encephalitis virus, with EC50 values ranging from 9.09 to 10.85 μM . In canine left ventricular cardiomyocytes, dasabuvir inhibits hERG-channel-mediated ion current with an IC50 of 3.2 μM and prolongs action potential duration .
ln Vivo
In clinical studies, dasabuvir demonstrates potent antiviral activity in patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. In a Phase 2a study, treatment-naive HCV-infected participants receiving dasabuvir (300 mg or 600 mg twice daily, or 1200 mg once daily) in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin achieved significant reductions in HCV RNA levels . Dasabuvir is highly effective when used as part of the “3D” regimen (dasabuvir, ombita svir, paritaprevir/ritonavir), achieving sustained virological response rates exceeding 95% in pooled analyses from six Phase 3 trials, including patients with compensated cirrhosis, HIV co-infection, and liver transplant recipients . In HCV genotype 1a patients, ribavirin is required as part of the regimen, while genotype 1b patients can be treated without ribavirin . The drug has been extensively evaluated in large clinical trials and demonstrates excellent efficacy in both treatment-naive and previously treated patients .
Enzyme Assay
the inhibition of human and mammalian DNA polymerases was evaluated by Replizyme Ltd. (Heslington, United Kingdom). The DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity for human RNA polymerases II and III was measured using polymerases present in a HeLa cell extract and DNA templates containing promoters specific for either polymerase II or polymerase III. α-Amanitin, a potent inhibitor of human polymerase II and a modest inhibitor of polymerase III, was used as a control. The reaction mixtures contained 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 20% glycerol, 100 mM KCl, 1 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), 0.2 mM EDTA, 6 mM MgCl2, and either 1 μg/μl pAdVAntage plasmid (Promega, Madison, WI) (for the polymerase III assay) or 25 ng/μl cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter DNA (Promega, Madison, WI) (for the polymerase II assay). The reaction mixtures also contained HeLa cell nuclear extract (ProteinOne, Rockville, MD), 400 μM ATP, CTP, and UTP, and 16 μM GTP and [α-33P]GTP. The reaction mixtures were incubated for 1 h at 30°C, quenched with the addition of proteinase K, SDS, and EDTA, incubated for 30 min at 56°C, and then analyzed on a Criterion Bio-Rad 5% acrylamide Tris-borate-EDTA (TBE)-urea gel. The gel was dried and placed on a PhosphorImager screen for overnight exposure. The volumes of the product bands were measured, and the percent inhibition was calculated; IC50 values were calculated using the following equation: % inhibition = 100[I]/([I] + IC50).
1. To measure the inhibitory activity of Dasabuvir on HCV NS5B polymerase, recombinant NS5B proteins from HCV genotype 1a and 1b clinical isolates were purified and used in an in vitro polymerase activity assay; the assay utilized a radiolabeled RNA primer-template substrate, and the drug was incubated with the enzyme and substrate at 30°C for 1 hour. The incorporation of radioactive nucleotides into the RNA product was quantified by scintillation counting, and IC50 values were calculated from dose-response curves representing the percentage of enzyme activity relative to vehicle-treated controls [1]
2. For selectivity assessment, Dasabuvir was tested against a panel of human and mammalian polymerases (including DNA polymerases α, β, γ, and RNA polymerases I, II, III); the assay conditions were identical to the NS5B polymerase assay, and the concentration of Dasabuvir required to inhibit 50% of host polymerase activity was determined to calculate the selectivity ratio [1]
The inhibitory activity of dasabuvir against HCV NS5B polymerase was assessed using cell-free biochemical enzymatic assays with recombinant polymerases . Recombinant NS5B polymerases derived from HCV genotype 1a and 1b clinical isolates (including H77, BK, N, and Con1 strains) were expressed and purified. Polymerase enzymatic activity was measured by monitoring the incorporation of radiolabeled nucleotides into RNA templates. Dasabuvir was tested at various concentrations, and IC50 values (the concentration required to inhibit 50% of polymerase activity) were calculated from concentration-response curves using nonlinear regression analysis . Selectivity was assessed by testing dasabuvir against a panel of human and mammalian polymerases, including DNA-dependent DNA polymerases (alpha, beta, gamma), DNA-dependent RNA polymerases (II and III), and one RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (polymerase gamma-RT function), under similar assay conditions .
Cell Assay
Dasabuvir (ABT-333) is at least 7,000-fold selective for the inhibition of HCV genotype 1 polymerases over human/mammalian polymerases. Dasabuvir (ABT-333) inhibits the polymerase enzymatic activity of genotype 1 laboratory strain enzymes (H77, BK, N, and Con1 strains), as well as enzymes produced from polymerase genes from HCV genotype 1-infected subjects, with IC50s between 2.2 and 10.7 nM. Dasabuvir (ABT-333) inhibits replication of HCV subgenomic replicons in cell culture assays, with EC50 values of 7.7 and 1.8 nM against genotype 1a (H77) and 1b (Con1), respectively. In the presence of 40% human plasma, there is a 12- to 13-fold decrease in inhibitory potency, yielding EC50s of 99 and 21 nM for HCV genotype 1a (H77) and 1b (Con1) replicons, respectively.
1. For the HCV replicon inhibition assay, Huh-7 cells stably expressing HCV genotype 1a (H77) or 1b (Con1) subgenomic replicons were seeded in 96-well plates and treated with serial dilutions of Dasabuvir for 72 hours. Viral RNA levels were quantified by real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), and cell viability was measured using a colorimetric assay to exclude cytotoxic effects. EC50 values for viral replication inhibition were calculated from the dose-response curves of viral RNA reduction [1]
2. To evaluate the impact of human plasma on Dasabuvir activity, replicon-containing cells were treated with the drug in medium supplemented with 0% or 40% human plasma; the assay was conducted as described above, and EC50 values were compared to assess plasma protein binding effects [1]
3. For resistance selection, replicon cells were cultured in 6-well plates with Dasabuvir at concentrations of 10× or 100× the EC50, with medium and drug refreshed every 3–4 days. Resistant colonies were picked after 2–4 weeks, expanded in culture, and the NS5B gene was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced to identify mutations [1]
4. Cross-resistance studies were performed by treating replicon cells harboring known resistance mutations (S282T, M423T, P495A/S, V499A) with Dasabuvir; viral replication was quantified by RT-PCR, and EC50 values were compared to those of wild-type replicons to determine changes in susceptibility [1]
The antiviral activity of dasabuvir in cell culture was assessed using HCV subgenomic replicon systems . Huh7 cells (human hepatoma cells) harboring subgenomic HCV replicons expressing a luciferase reporter gene (genotype 1a strain H77 or genotype 1b strain Con1) were seeded in 96-well or 384-well assay plates. Cells were incubated with serially diluted dasabuvir (ranging from sub-nanomolar to micromolar concentrations) in DMEM containing 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS) with or without 40% human plasma for 3 days at 37°C in 5% CO₂ . After incubation, cells were lysed, and HCV replication was quantified by measuring firefly luciferase activity using a luminometer. EC50 values (the concentration required to reduce HCV RNA replication by 50%) were calculated by nonlinear regression curve fitting to a 4-parameter logistic equation using GraphPad Prism software . Cytotoxicity was assessed in parallel using MTT colorimetric assay or CellTiter-Glo to determine CC50 values .
Animal Protocol
Specific detailed in vivo animal protocols for dasabuvir are not extensively described in the available literature; however, the compound has been characterized in human clinical trials . The clinical development of dasabuvir utilized standard pharmacokinetic and efficacy study designs in HCV-infected patients . In Phase 2a studies, HCV genotype 1-infected, treatment-naive participants received dasabuvir at doses of 300 mg or 600 mg twice daily or 1200 mg once daily for 2 days of monotherapy, followed by 26 days of combination therapy with pegylated interferon (180 μg subcutaneously once weekly) and ribavirin (1000 or 1200 mg daily divided twice daily) . Blood samples were collected at predefined time points (pre-dose; 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 hours post-dose on Day 1; pre-dose on Day 2) for pharmacokinetic analysis, and HCV RNA levels were measured at serial time points to assess antiviral activity .
ADME/Pharmacokinetics
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Dasabuvir reaches peak plasma concentration 4 hours after administration. The absolute bioavailability of dasabuvir is 70%. Dasabuvir is primarily excreted in feces (94.4%), with very little excretion in urine (2%). 26.2% and 0.03% of the drug are excreted unchanged in feces and urine, respectively, indicating that metabolism is the primary elimination pathway. The steady-state volume of distribution of dasabuvir is 149 liters. The clearance rate of dasabuvir has not been determined. Metabolism/Metabolites Dasabuvir is primarily metabolized via CYP2C8, with a small amount metabolized via CYP3A. Biological Half-Life The elimination half-life of dasabuvir is 5.5 to 6 hours.
Dasabuvir is primarily eliminated via feces (94.4% of the administered radioactive dose) with minimal renal excretion (2.2%) . The biotransformation of dasabuvir primarily involves hydroxylation of the tert-butyl group to form the active metabolite M1 (N-(6-(5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3-(1-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)naphthalen-2-yl)methanesulfonamide), followed by glucuronidation and sulfation of M1 . Dasabuvir is the major circulating component in plasma (58% of total radioactivity), followed by M1 (21%) . Dasabuvir is mainly metabolized by CYP2C8, followed by CYP3A4 . The absolute bioavailability of the dasabuvir 400 mg tablet is 46% . At therapeutic doses (250 mg twice daily recommended), peak plasma concentrations can reach the low micromolar range (approximately 1-4.2 μM depending on dose) . The elimination half-life is approximately 5-6 hours under normal conditions but can be significantly prolonged (up to 90 hours) when coadministered with strong CYP2C8 inhibitors such as gemfibrozil . No major accumulation is observed at doses up to 600 mg twice daily, but modest accumulation (65%) occurs at 1000 mg twice daily .
Toxicity/Toxicokinetics
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Overview of Use During Lactation
Dasabuvir has not been studied in breastfeeding women receiving treatment for hepatitis C. Because it binds to maternal plasma proteins at a rate exceeding 99.5%, its concentration in breast milk may be very low. Breastfeeding does not need to be discontinued if the mother requires dasabuvir alone, or in combination with sofosbuvir or obitavir, paretamivir, and ritonavir (Vegirapak). Some sources suggest that breastfeeding should be avoided when dasabuvir is used in combination with ribavirin.
Ritonavir has been studied as a booster in several studies involving breastfeeding women. It is excreted into breast milk at measurable concentrations, and low concentrations of ritonavir have been detected in the blood of some breastfed infants. There have been no reports of adverse reactions in breastfed infants. For more information, please refer to the ritonavir record on the LactMed website. Hepatitis C is not transmitted through breast milk, and breast milk has been shown to inactivate the hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that mothers infected with HCV should consider discontinuing breastfeeding if they experience cracked or bleeding nipples. It is unclear whether this warning applies to mothers undergoing treatment for hepatitis C. Infants born to mothers infected with HCV should be tested for HCV; nucleic acid testing is recommended because maternal antibodies are present in the infant for the first 18 months after birth and until the infant develops an immune response. ◉ Effects on breastfed infants
No published information found as of the revision date.
◉ Effects on breastfeeding and breast milk
No published information found as of the revision date.
Protein binding
Dasabuvir binds to human plasma proteins at a rate greater than 99.5%.
Dasabuvir is generally well tolerated, with less than 1% of patients permanently discontinuing treatment due to adverse events and approximately 2% of patients experiencing a serious adverse reaction . Common adverse events are consistent with those expected from combination therapy. Dasabuvir is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to ritonavir (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome) and strong inducers of CYP3A and CYP2C8 . Preclinical cardiac safety studies have identified that dasabuvir inhibits hERG channels (IKr current) with an IC50 of 3.2 μM and prolongs action potential duration in canine left ventricular cardiomyocytes, with early afterdepolarizations observed at concentrations of 3-30 μM . At therapeutic plasma concentrations (which can reach low μM levels, approximately 1-4.2 μM), dasabuvir may carry a risk of QT prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias, particularly in cases of overdose or coadministration with strong CYP2C8 inhibitors (e.g., gemfibrozil, clopidogrel) that can increase dasabuvir exposure more than 10-fold and prolong half-life from 5 to 90 hours . The FDA has issued warnings regarding the potential for QT prolongation with dasabuvir, especially when used with other drugs that affect CYP2C8 metabolism.
References

[1]. In vitro activity and resistance profile of dasabuvir, a nonnucleoside hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitor. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Mar;59(3):1505-11.

Additional Infomation
Dasabuvir belongs to the pyrimidinone class of drugs. Its sodium salt monohydrate form is used in combination with obitavir, paretavir, and ritonavir (trade name: Vickirapak) to treat chronic hepatitis C virus type 1 (HCV) infection and cirrhosis. It is an antiviral drug and a non-nucleoside hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitor. It belongs to the naphthalene, sulfonamide, aromatic ether, and pyrimidinone class of compounds, and its structure is similar to uracil. Dasabuvir is a direct-acting antiviral drug used in combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C, an infectious liver disease caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-stranded RNA virus with nine different genotypes, of which genotype 1 is the most common in the United States, accounting for 72% of all chronic hepatitis C cases. Since 2011, significant progress has been made in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C with the development of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) such as dasabuvir. Dasabuvir is a non-nucleoside NS5B inhibitor that binds to the palmar domain of NS5B, inducing a conformational change that prevents polymerase from elongating viral RNA. Because the binding sites of non-nucleoside NS5B inhibitors are poorly conserved across different HCV genotypes, dasabuvir is currently only applicable to genotype 1. In 2016, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) jointly published guidelines recommending dasabuvir as a first-line treatment for hepatitis C virus genotype 1b, in combination with [DB09296], [DB09297], and [DB00503]; for genotype 1a hepatitis C virus, dasabuvir in combination with [DB00811] is recommended. Dasabuvir, [DB09296], [DB09297], [DB00503], and [DB00811] are used in combination to cure hepatitis C virus infection or achieve sustained virological response (SVR) after 12 weeks of treatment. SVR and eradication of hepatitis C virus infection are associated with significant long-term health benefits, including reduced liver-related damage, improved quality of life, reduced incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma, and reduced all-cause mortality. Dasabuvir is a fixed-dose combination product used in conjunction with [DB09296], [DB09297], and [DB00503] (brand name Viekira Pak) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Viekira Pak was approved by the FDA in December 2014 for the treatment of HCV genotype 1a (including [DB00811]) or genotype 1b (excluding [DB00811]). Dasabuvir [DB09296], [DB09297], and [DB00503], when used in combination to form the combination formulation Viekira Pak, achieved a sustained virological response (SVR) of 100% in patients infected with genotype 1b hepatitis C virus (HCV) and an SVR of 89% or 95% in patients infected with genotype 1a HCV after 12 or 24 weeks of treatment, in a regimen containing [DB00811]. Dasabuvir is a non-nucleoside analogue hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase inhibitor. Its mechanism of action includes inhibition of RNA replicase, UGT1A1, and breast cancer resistance protein. Dasabuvir is a non-nucleoside analogue hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) inhibitor, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase with potential anti-HCV activity. After administration, dasabuvir is absorbed intracellularly and binds to HCV NS5B polymerase, blocking viral RNA synthesis and replication. The HCV NS5B protein is essential for HCV RNA genome replication. HCV is a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is closely associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Drug Indications
Dasabuvir, in combination with [DB09296], [DB09297], and [DB00503] (brand name Viekira Pak), is indicated for the treatment of patients with HCV genotype 1a carrying [DB00811] or HCV genotype 1b not carrying [DB00811], including patients with compensated cirrhosis.
FDA Label
Exviera, in combination with other drugs, is indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in adults. It exhibits activity against specific hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes. Mechanism of Action Dasabuvir is a non-nucleoside HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor. This enzyme, encoded by the NS5B gene, is crucial for viral genome replication. Based on resistance localization studies of HCV genotypes 1a and 1b, dasabuvir targets the palmar domain of the NS5B polymerase, hence its designation as a non-nucleoside NS5B palmar domain polymerase inhibitor. In HCV replicon cell culture assays, dasabuvir showed EC50 values of 7.7 nM and 1.8 nM against genotypes 1a-H77 and 1b-Con1, respectively. Dasabuvir induces conformational changes by binding to regions outside the NS5B enzyme active site, thereby preventing further elongation of the nascent viral genome. However, the binding sites outside the active site are poorly conserved across different viral genotypes, resulting in limited cross-genotype activity and an increased likelihood of resistance development. Therefore, dasabuvir is limited to the treatment of genotypes 1a and 1b and must be used in combination with other antiviral drugs.
1. Dasabuvir (ABT-333) is a nonnucleoside inhibitor (NNI) that inhibits HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase by binding to the palmar I allosteric site of the enzyme, thereby blocking viral RNA synthesis[1]
2. Dasabuvir is part of a fixed-dose combination therapy with ABT-450 (an HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor used in combination with ritonavir) and obitavir (an HCV NS5A inhibitor) for the treatment of chronic HCV genotype 1 infection[1]
3. The palmar I binding pocket of the NS5B polymerase targeted by dasabuvir is a conserved region, and resistance mutations in this region usually reduce the binding affinity of the drug but do not eliminate the function of the viral polymerase[1]
These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C26H27N3O5S
Molecular Weight
493.57
Exact Mass
493.167
Elemental Analysis
C, 63.27; H, 5.51; N, 8.51; O, 16.21; S, 6.50
CAS #
1132935-63-7
Related CAS #
Dasabuvir sodium;1132940-11-4; 1456607-55-8 (sodium monohydrate)
PubChem CID
56640146
Appearance
White to off-white solid powder.
Density
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Index of Refraction
1.641
LogP
3.68
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
6
Rotatable Bond Count
6
Heavy Atom Count
35
Complexity
938
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
SMILES
S(C([H])([H])[H])(N([H])C1C([H])=C([H])C2=C(C=1[H])C([H])=C([H])C(=C2[H])C1C([H])=C(C([H])=C(C=1OC([H])([H])[H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])N1C([H])=C([H])C(N([H])C1=O)=O)(=O)=O
InChi Key
NBRBXGKOEOGLOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C26H27N3O5S/c1-26(2,3)22-15-20(29-11-10-23(30)27-25(29)31)14-21(24(22)34-4)18-7-6-17-13-19(28-35(5,32)33)9-8-16(17)12-18/h6-15,28H,1-5H3,(H,27,30,31)
Chemical Name
N-(6-(3-(tert-butyl)-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)naphthalen-2-yl)methanesulfonamide
Synonyms
ABT333; ABT-333; ABT 333; Dasabuvir; 1132935-63-7; exviera; Trade names: Viekira Pak
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO : 46~98 mg/mL ( 93.20 ~198.55 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.07 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.07 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.07 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.


Solubility in Formulation 4: 10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween-80+45% Saline: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.07 mM)

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.0261 mL 10.1303 mL 20.2606 mL
5 mM 0.4052 mL 2.0261 mL 4.0521 mL
10 mM 0.2026 mL 1.0130 mL 2.0261 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

Molarity Calculator allows you to calculate the mass, volume, and/or concentration required for a solution, as detailed below:

  • Calculate the Mass of a compound required to prepare a solution of known volume and concentration
  • Calculate the Volume of solution required to dissolve a compound of known mass to a desired concentration
  • Calculate the Concentration of a solution resulting from a known mass of compound in a specific volume
An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
  • Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
  • Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 5 in the Volume box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
  • Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Concentration (End) box and select the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:
  • To calculate molar mass of a chemical compound, please enter the chemical/molecular formula and click the “Calculate’ button.
Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
  • Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
  • Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.
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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

  • Enter the mass of the reagent and the desired reconstitution concentration as well as the correct units
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box
In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Clinical Trial Information
Understanding HCV Reinfection Rates in an Incarcerated Population After Cure With Interferon Free HCV Treatment
CTID: NCT02460133
Phase: Phase 4
Status: Active, not recruiting
Date: 2024-08-23
A Study to Evaluate Long-term Outcomes Following Treatment With ABT-450/Ritonavir/ABT-267 (ABT-450/r/ABT-267) and ABT-333 With or Without Ribavirin (RBV) in Adults With Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection
CTID: NCT02219490
Phase: Phase 3
Status: Completed
Date: 2023-04-07
Treatment of Recently Acquired Hepatitis C With the 3D Regimen or G/P
CTID: NCT02634008
Phase: Phase 3
Status: Completed
Date: 2022-08-22
A Study to Evaluate Long-term Outcomes Following Treatment With ABT-450/Ritonavir/ABT-267 (ABT-450/r/ABT-267) and ABT-333 With or Without Ribavirin (RBV) in Adults With Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection
CTID: NCT02167945
Phase: Phase 3
Status: Completed
Date: 2022-07-19
Efficacy and Safety of Therapy Against HCV Based on Direct-acting Antivirals in Real-life Conditions
CTID: NCT02333292
Status: Completed
Date: 2022-06-29
An Open-Label Study to Evaluate Long-Term Results With Ombitasvir-Paritaprevir-Ritonavir and Dasabuvir With or Without Ribavirin (RBV) on ovarian function in fertile women With Genotype 1 and 4 Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection.
EudraCT: 2016-003607-59
Phase: Phase 4
Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2017-03-07
An Open-Label, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of Ombitasvir (OBV), Paritaprevir (PTV), Ritonavir (RTV) With or Without Dasabuvir (DSV) and With or Without Ribavirin (RBV) in Pediatric Subjects With Genotype 1 or 4 Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection (ZIRCON)
EudraCT: 2015-000111-41
Phase: Phase 3
Status: Prematurely Ended, Completed
Date: 2016-04-01
PILOT STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF PARITAPREVIR/r, DASABUVIR AND OMBITASVIR ON LIVER FUNCTION AND SYSTEMIC HEMODYNAMIC IN PATIENTS WITH DECOMPENSATED HCV-CIRRHOSIS
EudraCT: 2015-003152-43
Phase: Phase 3
Status: Prematurely Ended
Date: 2016-02-04
An Open-Label, Single Arm Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir and Dasabuvir in Treatment-Naïve Adults With Genotype 1b Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Without Cirrhosis (GARNET)
EudraCT: 2015-003370-33
Phase: Phase 3
Status: Completed
Date: 2016-01-05
An Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir With or Without Dasabuvir in Adults With Genotype 1a or Genotype 4 Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection, With Severe Renal Impairment or End-Stage Renal Disease (RUBY-II)
EudraCT: 2015-002012-33
Phase: Phase 3
Status: Completed
Date: 2015-09-24
Biological Data
  • Dasabuvir

    PBPK simulations of the pharmacokinetic profiles ofdasabuvirfollowing a single intravenous dose (a,b) or oral dose (c,d) in healthy volunteers.. 2017 Oct; 102(4): 679–687.

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