Daptomycin (LY146032)

Alias: LY146032; LY 146032; Daptomycin; Cidecin; LY-146032; LY146032; trade name: Cubicin
Cat No.:V1453 Purity: ≥98%
Daptomycin (also known as LY146032; LY-146032; trade name: Cubicin; Cidecin),a natural product isolated from the soil saprotroph Streptomyces roseosporus,is a novel lipopeptide antibiotic with rapid in vitro bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms.
Daptomycin (LY146032) Chemical Structure CAS No.: 103060-53-3
Product category: DNA(RNA) Synthesis
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Purity: ≥98%

Product Description

Daptomycin (also known as LY146032; LY-146032; trade name: Cubicin; Cidecin), a natural product isolated from the soil saprotroph Streptomyces roseosporus, is a novel lipopeptide antibiotic with rapid in vitro bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms. It is a drug that has been approved for the treatment of infections brought on by Gram-positive bacteria that are systemic and potentially fatal. A naturally occurring substance called daptomycin is present in the soil saprotroph Streptomyces roseosporus. It can be used to treat infections brought on by multiple drug-resistant bacteria due to its unique mechanism of action. Cubist Pharmaceuticals markets it in the US under the trade name Cubicin. Daptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic that acts both in vitro and in vivo against a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria. Daptomycin inhibits many antibiotic-resistant strains, including vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA), meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA). It is a cyclic lipopeptide.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
Targets
Lipopeptide
ln Vitro

Daptomycin (5 μg/ml) in 30 minutes decreases Staphylococcus aureus cell viability by >99% and membrane potential by >90%. Hemolytic streptococci, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci are among the clinically significant strains of gram-positive pathogens against which daptomycin demonstrates rapid in vitro bactericidal activity. As shown by studies on binding and fractionation, daptomycin acts at the cytoplasmic membrane of susceptible bacteria (8). Furthermore, daptomycin is not the same as some antimicrobial peptides (such as human neutrophil peptide 1), which can depolarize the cytoplasmic membrane quickly but do not cause cell death for one to two hours. Whole-cell and artificial membrane studies have shown that daptomycin inserts into the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria.[1] Daptomycin kills ≥3 log CFU/ml by 8 hours, demonstrating higher bactericidal activity than all other drugs tested. A member of the peptolide (acid lipopeptide antibiotic) class of antimicrobial agents, daptomycin is a cyclic polypeptide that is obtained from Streptomyces roseosporus. Additionally effective against gram-positive bacteria resistant to vancomycin, such as enterococci, is daptomycin. Daptomycin exhibits a high degree of protein binding (94%), and its in vitro activity is influenced by serum or albumin.[2] The lipophilic Daptomycin tail enters the bacterial cell membrane quickly, resulting in membrane depolarization and potassium ion efflux. Daptomycin is a 13-member amino acid cyclic lipopeptide with a decanoyl side-chain. Treatment with daptomycin has been associated with skeletal muscle toxicity that is fully reversible, but has no effect on cardiac or smooth muscle.[3]

ln Vivo
Daptomycin showed linear pharmacokinetics, with a half-life of 0.9 to 1.4 hours and an area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of 9.4 from time zero to infinity/dose. Ninety percent of the protein bound [5].
Animal Protocol
20 mg/kg; s.c.
After an 18-hour brain heart infusion broth culture, inocula with 109 CFU/mL are prepared. Finally, the conventional serial 10-fold dilution agar pour plate method is used to ascertain the precise number in each inoculum. Using an intravenous 1.0 mL inoculum, animals are challenged. Rats with normal kidney function have been shown to be infected by this inoculum. After twenty-four hours, the animals are split up into eight groups and given either saline only (controls) or antibiotic therapy starting with 10 mg/kg of Daptomycin, 20 mg/kg of Daptomycin, Daptomycin 10 plus gentamicin at 1.5 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg of vancomycin, 20 mg/kg of vancomycin plus gentamicin at 1.5 mg/kg, 30 mg of ampicillin per rat per injection, and 30 mg of ampicillin per rat plus 1.5 mg/kg of gentamicin. Daptomycin20 is given to animals once daily; all other medications are given twice a day. Ampicillin and gentamicin are injected intramuscularly; vancomycin and daptomycin are administered subcutaneously. Medication is given for a maximum of thirteen days.
References

[1]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 2003 Aug;47(8):2538-44.

[2]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 2000 Apr;44(4):1062-6.

[3]. Antimicrob Chemother . 2005 Mar;55(3):283-8.

[4]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 2001 Mar;45(3):845-51.

[5]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 2004 Jan;48(1):63-8.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C72H101N17O26
Molecular Weight
1620.67
Exact Mass
1619.71
Elemental Analysis
C, 53.36; H, 6.28; N, 14.69; O, 25.67
CAS #
103060-53-3
Related CAS #
103060-53-3
Appearance
Solid powder
SMILES
CCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@H]3[C@H](OC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC3=O)CCCN)CC(=O)O)C)CC(=O)O)CO)[C@H](C)CC(=O)O)CC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N)C
InChi Key
OAKLVKFURWEDJ-RWDRXURGSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C72H101N17O26/c1-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-22-53(93)81-44(25-38-31-76-42-20-15-13-17-39(38)42)66(108)84-45(27-52(75)92)67(109)86-48(30-59(102)103)68(110)89-61-37(4)115-72(114)49(26-51(91)40-18-12-14-19-41(40)74)87-71(113)60(35(2)24-56(96)97)88-69(111)50(34-90)82-55(95)32-77-63(105)46(28-57(98)99)83-62(104)36(3)79-65(107)47(29-58(100)101)85-64(106)43(21-16-23-73)80-54(94)33-78-70(61)112/h12-15,17-20,31,35-37,43-50,60-61,76,90H,5-11,16,21-30,32-34,73-74H2,1-4H3,(H2,75,92)(H,77,105)(H,78,112)(H,79,107)(H,80,94)(H,81,93)(H,82,95)(H,83,104)(H,84,108)(H,85,106)(H,86,109)(H,87,113)(H,88,111)(H,89,110)(H,96,97)(H,98,99)(H,100,101)(H,102,103)/t35-,36-,37-,43+,44+,45+,46+,47+,48+,49+,50-,60+,61+/m1/s1
Chemical Name
(3S)-3-[[(2S)-4-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-(decanoylamino)-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-4-[[(3S,6S,9R,15S,18R,21S,24S,30S,31R)-3-[2-(2-aminophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-24-(3-aminopropyl)-15,21-bis(carboxymethyl)-6-[(2R)-1-carboxypropan-2-yl]-9-(hydroxymethyl)-18,31-dimethyl-2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29-decaoxo-1-oxa-4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28-nonazacyclohentriacont-30-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid
Synonyms
LY146032; LY 146032; Daptomycin; Cidecin; LY-146032; LY146032; trade name: Cubicin
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO: <1 mg/mL
Water: ~100 mg/mL (~61.7 mM)
Ethanol: <1 mg/mL
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (1.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (1.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (1.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.


Solubility in Formulation 4: 100 mg/mL (61.70 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 0.6170 mL 3.0851 mL 6.1703 mL
5 mM 0.1234 mL 0.6170 mL 1.2341 mL
10 mM 0.0617 mL 0.3085 mL 0.6170 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

Molarity Calculator allows you to calculate the mass, volume, and/or concentration required for a solution, as detailed below:

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An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
  • Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
  • Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 5 in the Volume box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
  • Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Concentration (End) box and select the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
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  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:
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Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
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  • The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box
In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Clinical Trial Information
NCT Number Recruitment interventions Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT04775953 Active
Recruiting
Drug: Daptomycin
Drug: Nafcillin
Staphylococcal Bacteraemia National Institute of Allergy
and Infectious Diseases
(NIAID)
April 22, 2021 Phase 2
NCT04983901 Active
Recruiting
Drug: Daptomycin
Drug: Linezolid
Hematopoietic and Lymphoid
Cell Neoplasm
Malignant Solid Neoplasm
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center September 14, 2021 Phase 2
NCT04141787 Recruiting Drug: Usual Antibiotics
Drug: Ceftriaxone
Osteomyelitis
CNS Infection
Vancouver Island Health Authority July 11, 2019 Phase 4
NCT05225558 Recruiting Drug: Delpazolid
Drug: Vancomycin
MRSA Bacteremia LegoChem Biosciences, Inc April 26, 2022 Phase 2
NCT05174546 Recruiting Diagnostic Test: T2 magnetic
resonance
Febrile Neutropenia The University of Queensland January 10, 2023 N/A
Biological Data
  • Daptomycin

    Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Aug;47(8):2538-44.
  • Daptomycin

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