Conivaptan HCl (YM 087)

Alias: Conivaptan hydrochloride; YM-087 HCl; Conivaptan; Conivaptan; YM 087; YM087; Vaprisol
Cat No.:V1484 Purity: ≥98%
Conivaptan HCl (formerly known as YM-087; YM087; YM 087, trade name Vaprisol), the hydrochloride salt of Conivaptan, is an orally bioavailable and non-peptide antagonist of vasopressin V1A and V2 receptors with anti-hypernatremic activity.
Conivaptan HCl (YM 087) Chemical Structure CAS No.: 168626-94-6
Product category: Vasopressin Receptor
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Purity: ≥98%

Product Description

Conivaptan HCl (formerly known as YM-087; YM087; YM 087, trade name Vaprisol), the hydrochloride salt of It inhibits the rat liver V1A receptor and the rat kidney V2 receptor with Ki values of 0.48 and 3.04 nM, respectively. Conivaptan was licensed in 2004 for the treatment of hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels) brought on by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), including hypervolemic and euvolemic cases.There is also some indication that the drug may be useful in heart failure cases. Conivaptan suppresses the activity of the vasopressin receptor's two (V1a and V2) subtypes.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
Targets
Vasopressin receptor 1; Vasopressin receptor 2
ln Vitro

In vitro activity: Conivaptan (hydrochloride) is a non-peptide vasopressin receptor antagonist; its Ki values for the rat kidney V2 receptor and liver V1A receptor are 3.04 nM and 0.48 nM, respectively.

ln Vivo
Conivaptan (0.03, 0.1, and 0.3 mg/kg, intravenously) increases urine volume and decreases urine osmolality in rats with myocardial infarction and rats undergoing sham surgery in a dose-dependent manner. Conivaptan (0.3 mg/kg intraperitoneally) dramatically lowers lung/body weight, right atrial pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and right ventricular systolic pressure in myocardial infarction rats. Myocardial infarction rats' dP/dt(max)/left ventricular pressure are significantly increased by conivaptan (0.3 mg/kg i.v.)[1]. At the conclusion of the study, cirrhotic rats given the V(1a)/V(2)-AVP receptor antagonist did not exhibit hyponatremia or hypoosmolality. Conivaptan causes an acute increase in urine volume (UV) and a decrease in osmolality (UOsm). Conivaptan also returns U(Na)V to normal while leaving arterial pressure and creatinine clearance unchanged[2]. Conivaptan (0.01 to 0.1 mg/kg, i.v.) inhibits the pressor effect of exogenous vasopressin in a dose-dependent manner (0.003 to 0.1 mg/kg i.v.), and at the highest dose (0.1 mg/kg i.v.), almost entirely blocks vasoconstriction brought on by exogenous vasopressin in dogs without increasing the amount of electrolyte excretion in the urine. In dogs with congestive heart failure, conivaptan (0.1 mg/kg, i.v.) decreases preload and afterload as shown by significant reductions in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and total peripheral vascular resistance[3]. It also improves cardiac function as demonstrated by significant increases in left ventricular dP/dtmax, cardiac output, and stroke volume.
Animal Protocol
Forty-nine myocardial infarction rats were still alive four weeks after the surgery. Thirty are chosen at random, impartially, and placed into five groups based on similarity in body weight and infarct size distribution. Each group is then administered conivaptan (0.03, 0.1, and 0.3 mg/kg) or SR121463A (0.3 mg/kg) intravenously. Additionally, four groups of sham rats are created and intravenous conivaptan (0.03, 0.1, and 0.3 mg/kg) or vehicle is administered. After that, rats are put in separate metabolic cages, and urine is collected for three hours. Using an osmometer and the freezing point depression method, urine osmolality is determined.
References

[1]. Intravenous administration of conivaptan hydrochloride improves cardiac hemodynamics in rats with myocardial infarction-induced congestive heart failure. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 Jan 10;507(1-3):145-51. Epub 2005 Jan 1.

[2]. Effect of the V1a/V2-AVP receptor antagonist, Conivaptan, on renal water metabolism and systemic hemodynamics in rats with cirrhosis and ascites. J Hepatol. 2003 Jun;38(6):755-61.

[3]. Cardiovascular and renal effects of conivaptan hydrochloride (YM087), a vasopressin V1A and V2 receptor antagonist, in dogs with pacing-induced congestive heart failure. Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Jul 9;376(3):239-46.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C32H26N4O2.HCL
Molecular Weight
535.04
Exact Mass
534.18
Elemental Analysis
C, 71.84; H, 5.09; Cl, 6.63; N, 10.47; O, 5.98
CAS #
168626-94-6
Related CAS #
168626-94-6(HCl)
Appearance
Solid powder
SMILES
CC1=NC2=C(N1)CCN(C3=CC=CC=C32)C(=O)C4=CC=C(C=C4)NC(=O)C5=CC=CC=C5C6=CC=CC=C6.Cl
InChi Key
BTYHAFSDANBVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C32H26N4O2.ClH/c1-21-33-28-19-20-36(29-14-8-7-13-27(29)30(28)34-21)32(38)23-15-17-24(18-16-23)35-31(37)26-12-6-5-11-25(26)22-9-3-2-4-10-22;/h2-18H,19-20H2,1H3,(H,33,34)(H,35,37);1H
Chemical Name
N-[4-(2-methyl-4,5-dihydro-3H-imidazo[4,5-d][1]benzazepine-6-carbonyl)phenyl]-2-phenylbenzamide;hydrochloride
Synonyms
Conivaptan hydrochloride; YM-087 HCl; Conivaptan; Conivaptan; YM 087; YM087; Vaprisol
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO: ~107 mg/mL (~200 mM)
Water: <1 mg/mL
Ethanol: ~7 mg/mL (~13.1 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.


 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.8690 mL 9.3451 mL 18.6902 mL
5 mM 0.3738 mL 1.8690 mL 3.7380 mL
10 mM 0.1869 mL 0.9345 mL 1.8690 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
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Clinical Trial Information
NCT Number Recruitment interventions Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT00851227 Completed Drug: conivaptan hydrochloride Liver Disease
Hyponatremia
Cumberland Pharmaceuticals February 2009 Phase 1
NCT00887627 Completed Drug: conivaptan hydrochloride Kidney Diseases
Hyponatremia
Cumberland Pharmaceuticals April 2009 Phase 1
NCT01370148 Completed Drug: conivaptan hydrochloride Liver Disease Cumberland Pharmaceuticals April 2011 Phase 1
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