| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| ln Vitro |
Retinal cells were subjected to escalating doses of either homotaurine or citicoline for a full day in order to assess the possible neuroprotective effects of the compounds. The effects of homotaurine or cocaine at concentrations of 1 μM, 10 μM, and 100 μM on retinal cell viability were examined. In cultures treated with citicoline or homotaurine, retinal cells were effectively preserved; there was no sign of toxicity or appreciable loss of viability following treatment. In vitro, homotaurine at 100 μM is an effective concentration to increase neuroprotection in experimental glaucoma models, whereas cocaine at 100 μM does not injure retinal glial cells. As a result, this homotaurine and citicoline concentration was utilized in all ensuing investigations. Retinal cell cultures were treated to citicoline 24 hours prior to glutamate treatment in order to assess whether combined treatment with citicoline and homotaurine can generate synergistic neuroprotection against glutamate excitotoxicity. 100 μM for base, 100 μM for homotaurine, and 100 μM for citicoline with homotaurine. A notable rise in cell viability was noted in the presence of 100 μM citicoline [1].
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| ln Vivo |
The tonic phase thresholds for clonic and lethal seizures were more significantly elevated (18.54% and 50.08%, respectively, compared to controls) when citicoline at a dose of 1000 mg/kg was administered. After injecting 1000 mg/kg of citicoline, the anticonvulsant action becomes most noticeable [2].
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Citicoline (CDP-choline) is a phosphate-choline compound and the chlorinated ester of citicoline (CDP). It is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of phospholipids in cell membrane structures. Citicoline has applications in human metabolism, psychotropic drugs, neuroprotective agents, Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism, and mouse metabolism. It belongs to the phosphate-choline class of compounds and the nucleotide-(amino alcohol) class of compounds. Its function is related to citicoline (CDP). It is the conjugate base of citicoline (CDP-choline). Citicoline is the choline donor in the biosynthesis of choline-containing glycerophosphates. Nicotinic acid has been studied for the treatment, supportive care, and diagnosis of mania, stroke, hypomania, cocaine abuse, and bipolar disorder. Nicotinic acid has been reported in fruit flies, humans, and other organisms with relevant data. Citicoline is a nutritional supplement rich in choline and cytidine, with potential neuroprotective and nootropic effects. Citicoline, also known as cytidine-5-bisphosphate choline or CDP-choline, is hydrolyzed in the intestine to cytidine and choline. After absorption, both cytidine and choline are dispersed, participating in various biosynthetic pathways and crossing the blood-brain barrier to be resynthesized as citicoline in the brain. Citicoline is the rate-limiting product of phosphatidylcholine synthesis. This drug can also increase the levels of acetylcholine (Ach), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine in the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, citicoline participates in the preservation of sphingomyelin and cardiolipin, as well as the restoration of Na+/K+-ATPase activity. Citicoline can also increase glutathione synthesis and glutathione reductase activity, and exert anti-apoptotic effects. Choline donors participate in the biosynthesis of choline-containing glycerophosphates. See also: Citicoline sodium (note moved to).
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| Molecular Formula |
C14H26N4O11P2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
488.32
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| Exact Mass |
488.107
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| CAS # |
987-78-0
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| Related CAS # |
Citicoline sodium;33818-15-4
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| PubChem CID |
13804
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
851.4ºC at 760 mmHg
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| LogP |
-7.07
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
11
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
10
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| Heavy Atom Count |
31
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| Complexity |
821
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
C[N+](C)(C)CCOP(=O)([O-])OP(=O)(O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)N2C=CC(=NC2=O)N)O)O
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| InChi Key |
RZZPDXZPRHQOCG-OJAKKHQRSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C14H26N4O11P2/c1-18(2,3)6-7-26-30(22,23)29-31(24,25)27-8-9-11(19)12(20)13(28-9)17-5-4-10(15)16-14(17)21/h4-5,9,11-13,19-20H,6-8H2,1-3H3,(H3-,15,16,21,22,23,24,25)/t9-,11-,12-,13-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] 2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl phosphate
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| Synonyms |
Cdp-choline; Cytidine 5-diphosphocholine; Citicoline
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~50 mg/mL (~102.39 mM)
DMSO : ~1 mg/mL (~2.05 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 50 mg/mL (102.39 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0478 mL | 10.2392 mL | 20.4784 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4096 mL | 2.0478 mL | 4.0957 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2048 mL | 1.0239 mL | 2.0478 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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