| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate targets microbial cell membranes. As a cationic surfactant, its mechanism involves the interaction of the positively charged cetylpyridinium chloride molecules with the negatively charged components of the microbial cell membrane, causing destabilization and permeabilization. This disruption compromises membrane integrity, leading to leakage of cellular contents and ultimately cell death. The compound also inhibits the growth and reproduction of various microorganisms by disrupting their metabolic processes.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate demonstrates broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as pathogenic fungal species. The compound exhibits bactericidal activity with log reduction values determined in susceptibility tests. It is used in experimental applications for studying the effects of antimicrobial agents on microbial populations and their mechanisms of action. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) are determined by broth microdilution methods.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate is used as an antimicrobial and antiseptic agent in oral hygiene products such as mouthwashes and throat lozenges to reduce plaque and prevent oral infections. It can be used as a preservative in pharmaceutical formulations. The compound's ability to reduce surface tension enhances its effectiveness as a surfactant. Its broad-spectrum activity and safety profile support its use in various personal care and pharmaceutical applications.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate antimicrobial susceptibility assays involve determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) against various microorganisms. Bacteria and fungi are cultured in appropriate media and treated with the compound at varying concentrations. Microbial growth is monitored by optical density measurements or colony counting. Bactericidal activity is assessed by log reduction determination. Membrane disruption studies are performed using fluorescent dyes such as propidium iodide to assess membrane integrity. Assays are performed with appropriate positive controls such as known quaternary ammonium compounds.
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| Cell Assay |
Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate cell-based assays are conducted in bacterial and fungal cultures. Microorganisms are cultured in appropriate media and treated with the compound at varying concentrations. Antimicrobial activity is assessed by measuring growth inhibition and determining MIC/MBC values. For mammalian cell studies, cell viability is assessed by standard assays to evaluate selectivity. The compound's membrane-disrupting mechanism is confirmed by measuring leakage of cellular contents. Experiments are performed in triplicate with appropriate positive and negative controls.
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| Animal Protocol |
Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate in vivo studies are conducted in animal models for antimicrobial efficacy and safety evaluation. The compound is applied topically or administered orally in formulations. For oral hygiene studies, animal models of plaque formation or oral infections are used. Efficacy is assessed by measuring microbial reduction and clinical signs improvement. For safety studies, animals are monitored for adverse effects. Dosing regimens are optimized based on pharmacokinetic data. Animals are monitored for clinical signs. Tissues and blood samples are collected for histopathological and biochemical analysis at study endpoints. Studies are conducted in accordance with institutional animal care guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate (MW 358.00 g/mol, C21H38ClN·H2O) is a quaternary ammonium compound. It is a cationic surfactant with antiseptic capabilities. The compound is classified as a Dangerous Good for transport. It is soluble in water and other appropriate solvents. It is stable under recommended storage conditions. Pharmacokinetic properties such as topical absorption and systemic distribution would be determined in species-specific studies. The compound is used in oral hygiene and personal care products.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate is generally well-tolerated at concentrations used in oral hygiene and personal care products. The compound is a quaternary ammonium compound with established safety profiles. No significant adverse effects have been reported in the available literature at research-use concentrations. The compound is intended for research use only. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling. Comprehensive toxicological evaluation is available from clinical and consumer use data.
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| Additional Infomation |
Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate is a hydrate containing Cetylpyridinium chloride. Cetylpyridinium chloride is the chloride form of Cetylpyridinium, a quaternary ammonium salt with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. After topical application, the positively charged Cetylpyridinium chloride reacts with the negatively charged surface of microbial cells, thereby disrupting the integrity of the cell membrane. This leads to leakage of intracellular components, ultimately resulting in microbial death. See also: Cetylpyridinium chloride (note moved to).
Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate (CPC, Hexadecylpyridinium chloride monohydrate) is a quaternary ammonium compound and cationic surfactant with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. It disrupts microbial cell membranes, leading to cell lysis and death. The compound is used in oral hygiene products such as mouthwashes and throat lozenges, and as a preservative in pharmaceutical formulations. Its molecular formula is C21H38ClN·H2O with a molecular weight of 358.00 g/mol. All applications are limited to non-human research use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C21H40CLNO
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
358.0014
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| Exact Mass |
357.279
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| CAS # |
6004-24-6
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| Related CAS # |
Cetylpyridinium chloride;123-03-5
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| PubChem CID |
22324
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Melting Point |
81-84 °C
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| LogP |
3.395
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
15
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| Heavy Atom Count |
24
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| Complexity |
208
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
[Cl-].O([H])[H].[N+]1(C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
NFCRBQADEGXVDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H38N.ClH.H2O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-16-19-22-20-17-15-18-21-22;;/h15,17-18,20-21H,2-14,16,19H2,1H3;1H;1H2/q+1;;/p-1
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| Chemical Name |
1-hexadecylpyridin-1-ium;chloride;hydrate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (~279.33 mM)
DMSO : ~20 mg/mL (~55.87 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2 mg/mL (5.59 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2 mg/mL (5.59 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2 mg/mL (5.59 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 100 mg/mL (279.33 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.7933 mL | 13.9665 mL | 27.9330 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5587 mL | 2.7933 mL | 5.5866 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2793 mL | 1.3966 mL | 2.7933 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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