Cepharanthine

Alias: Cepharanthine; 6',12'-Dimethoxy-2,2'-dimethyl-6,7-[methylenebis- (oxy)]oxyacanthan; Cepharanthin; O-Methylcepharanoline.
Cat No.:V17927 Purity: ≥98%
Cepharanthine is a naturally occurring biscoclaurine alkaloid with antiinflammatory and antiviral (against COVID-19) activity.
Cepharanthine Chemical Structure CAS No.: 481-49-2
Product category: SARS-CoV
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Product Description
Cepharanthine is a natural product that can be isolated from the plant Stephania cephalantha Hayata.Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) properties are exhibited by cepharanthine. Cepharanthine exhibits good efficacy in inhibiting the growth of viruses, with half maximal (IC50) and 90% inhibitory concentration (IC90) values of 1.90 and 4.46 µM, respectively. In K562 cells, cepharanthine can also successfully reverse P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance. In xenograft mice models, it can also improve the sensitivity of anticancer agents. The human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2E1, and CYP2C9 are inhibited by cepharanthine. Cepharanthine exhibits antinociceptive, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
Targets
CYP3A4(IC50=16.29 μM);CYP2E1(IC50=25.62 μM);CYP2C9(IC50=24.57 μM)
ln Vitro
In human TNBC cells, cepharanthine (CEP) (2 μM, 48 h) induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and inhibits cell viability and colony formation[2].
In MDA-MB-231 cells, the combination of cepharanthine (2 μM, 48 h) and epirubicin results in impaired mitochondrial function, mitochondrial fission, and apoptosis[2].
Cepharanthine (5 μM, 24 h) significantly increases the apoptosis that anticancer agents induce in K562 cells and potently increases the sensitivity of anticancer agents Vincristine and Doxorubicin[3].
By preventing the acidification of cytoplasmic organelles, cepharanthine (10-50 μM, 0.5-1 h) shifts the distribution of doxorubicin from cytoplasmic vesicles to nucleoplasm in K562 cells[3].
In vitro, cepharanthine (0-50 μM, 30 min) inhibits the cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2E1, and CYP2C9 in human liver[4].
Cepharanthine (0–4 μM, 48 hours) inhibits the growth of P. falciparum in the ring stage, with IC50 values for FCM29, W2, 3D7, and K1 of 3.059, 0.927, 2.276, and 1.803 μM, respectively[5].
ln Vivo
In MDA-MB-231 cell xenografts, cepharanthine (12 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 36 days) improves the therapeutic efficacy of epirubicin[2].
By preventing leukocyte activation, cepharanthine (10 mg/kg, i.p., single dose) protects rats from LPS-induced pulmonary vascular injury[6].
Cell Assay
Cell Line: P. falciparum cultivated in type A+ human erythrocytes
Concentration: 2 μM
Incubation Time: 48 h
Result: inhibited P. falciparum growth in the ring stage, with IC50 values for FCM29, W2, 3D7, and K1 of 3.059, 0.927, 2.276, and 1.803 μM, respectively.
Animal Protocol
MDA-MB-231 cell xenografts in mice[1]
Dosage: 12 mg/kg
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), once daily for 36 days
Result: When combined with Epirubicin (HY-13624), the therapeutic efficacy was significantly higher than when either drug was administered by itself.
References

[1]. Evaluating cepharanthine analogues as natural drugs against SARS-CoV-2. FEBS Open Bio. 2022;12(1):285-294

[2]. Cepharanthine sensitizes human triple negative breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agent epirubicin via inducing cofilin oxidation-mediated mitochondrial fission and apoptosis. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Jan;43(1):177-193.

[3]. Cepharanthine potently enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents in K562 cells. Cancer Sci. 2005 Jun;96(6):372-6.

[4]. In vitro inhibitory effects of cepharanthine on human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. Pharm Biol. 2020 Dec;58(1):247-252.

[5]. Cepharanthine induces apoptosis through reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction in human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 May 1;460(2):136-42.

[6]. In vitro antiplasmodial activity of cepharanthine. Malar J. 2014 Aug 22;13:327.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C37H38N2O6
Molecular Weight
606.7074
Exact Mass
606.27
Elemental Analysis
C, 73.25; H, 6.31; N, 4.62; O, 15.82
CAS #
481-49-2
Appearance
white solid powder
SMILES
COC1=CC2=C3C=C1OC4=C(OCO5)C5=CC6=C4[C@@](CC7=CC=C(OC(C(OC)=C8)=CC=C8C[C@@]3([H])N(C)CC2)C=C7)([H])N(C)CC6
InChi Key
RCBDVSWQYYTNLG-WDYNHAJCSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C37H38N2O6/c1-38-13-11-24-18-32(41-4)33-20-27(24)28(38)16-23-7-10-30(31(17-23)40-3)44-26-8-5-22(6-9-26)15-29-35-25(12-14-39(29)2)19-34-36(37(35)45-33)43-21-42-34/h5-10,17-20,28-29H,11-16,21H2,1-4H3/t28-,29+/m1/s1
Chemical Name
(15S,31R)-36,53-dimethoxy-16,32-dimethyl-15,16,17,18,31,32,33,34-octahydro-2,6-dioxa-1(4,5)-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolina-3(7,1)-isoquinolina-5,7(1,4)-dibenzenacyclooctaphane
Synonyms
Cepharanthine; 6',12'-Dimethoxy-2,2'-dimethyl-6,7-[methylenebis- (oxy)]oxyacanthan; Cepharanthin; O-Methylcepharanoline.
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO : 50~100 mg/mL (82.41~164.82 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: 6.02 mg/mL (9.92 mM) in 15% Cremophor EL + 85% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (4.12 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.43 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.


Solubility in Formulation 4: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.43 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL corn oil and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 5: 2% DMSO+ 30% PEG300+ 5% Tween 80+ 63% ddH2O: 2mg/ml (3.30mM)

Solubility in Formulation 6: 6.02 mg/mL (9.92 mM) in 50% PEG300 50% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.6482 mL 8.2412 mL 16.4823 mL
5 mM 0.3296 mL 1.6482 mL 3.2965 mL
10 mM 0.1648 mL 0.8241 mL 1.6482 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

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What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
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Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Biological Data
  • Hypothetical target proteins and target sites of CEP analogues. [1].Evaluating cepharanthine analogues as natural drugs against SARS-CoV-2. FEBS Open Bio. 2022;12(1):285-294
  • Compound distribution in PC1–PC2 plane of docking score. [1].Evaluating cepharanthine analogues as natural drugs against SARS-CoV-2. FEBS Open Bio. 2022;12(1):285-294
  • Dose–response curves of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 activity of compounds. [1].Evaluating cepharanthine analogues as natural drugs against SARS-CoV-2. FEBS Open Bio. 2022;12(1):285-294
  • Comparison of effective and noneffective CEP analogues. [1].Evaluating cepharanthine analogues as natural drugs against SARS-CoV-2. FEBS Open Bio. 2022;12(1):285-294
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