Metabolism / Metabolites
α-Cedrol and caryophyllene oxide were incubated with Neurospora crassa, and the major metabolites were identified as 12β-hydroxycedrol, 10α-hydroxycedrol, 3β-hydroxycedrol, and 12β-hydroxycaryophyllene oxide. The antibacterial and free radical scavenging activities of these metabolites were evaluated in vitro using the broth microdilution method and autoradiography. However, no significant antibacterial and antioxidant activities were observed…
Microbial transformation of (+)-cedrol was studied using Staphylococcus epidermidis, revealing that (+)-cedrol undergoes stereoselective hydroxylation at the C-3 position to generate (+)-(3S)-3-hydroxycedrol.

Toxicity Summary
Identification and Uses: Cedarol forms colorless crystals. It is found in the wood of cypress and cedar trees, such as Atlantic cedar (Cedrus atlantica), European cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), and Virginia cypress (Juniperus virginiana). It is used in spices and as a flavoring ingredient in food and traditional medicine. Human Exposure and Toxicity: In one exposure study, researchers presented 26 healthy adult volunteers with air containing cedarol and blank air, respectively. Cedarol was continuously exposed at a constant concentration for 10 minutes, followed by 8 minutes of blank air exposure. Cedarol caused a relaxing effect, manifested as a decrease in heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and an increase in baroreflex activity. Parasympathetic activity was increased, while sympathetic activity was decreased. In another exposure study, researchers conducted a maximum dose test on 25 male volunteers using an 8% cedarol petrolatum solution. Two cases of anaphylactic reactions were observed in the 25 volunteers. In a preliminary human-maximized study, no irritant response was observed in five volunteers after 48 hours of closed-system administration of 8% cedrol. In another study, the antiproliferative activity of Pyrrosia lingua (PHVO) against human chondrosarcoma cells was evaluated. Twelve components of PHVO were identified. The major compound included cedrol (17.08%). PHVO exhibited potent antitumor activity against SW1353 cells, suggesting its potential use as a treatment for chondrosarcoma. In yet another study, the inhibitory effect of cedrol on the activity of eight major human cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes was investigated to assess potential drug interactions. The study found that cedrol is a potent competitive inhibitor of CYP2B6-mediated bupropion hydroxylase with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 0.9 μM, comparable to the selective CYP2B6 inhibitor thiotepa (Ki value 2.9 μM). Cedrol also significantly inhibited CYP3A4-mediated midazolam hydroxylation at a Ki value of 3.4 μM, while β-cedrene showed weaker inhibitory activity against CYP3A4. 100 μM cedrol showed almost no inhibitory effect on the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, and CYP2D6. Cedrol had a slight inhibitory effect on the activities of CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19, while β-cedrene did not. These in vitro results suggest that, given the potent inhibitory effect of cedrol on CYP2B6 and CYP3A4, its potential pharmacokinetic drug interactions should be investigated in vivo. Animal studies: A 28-day oral toxicity study was conducted to assess the toxicity of cedrol in rats. Sixty rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n=10 males or 10 females per group) and a control group of 10 rats. Twenty rats (ten males and ten females) were administered cedrol at a concentration of approximately 0.169% w/v, at a dose of 8.4 mg/kg/day, seven days a week, via gavage for 30 days. On day 28, one male rat was observed to have crooked incisors and oral swelling. Decreased absolute brain weight and brain-to-ovarian ratio were observed in female rats. However, these results were not consistent between sexes and lacked associated clinical changes, limiting the toxicological significance of these non-adverse reactions. An open-cut skin test with 8% cedrol was performed in non-inbred male and female guinea pigs, and no sensitization was observed. In another study on the sedative effect of cedrol, rats and mice were exposed to cedrol at a flow rate of 1.0 L/min for 30 minutes. The results showed a significant decrease in cumulative spontaneous kinetic activity in the cedrol-exposed group.

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Non-human toxicity values
Rabbit skin LD50 > 5 g/kg

[1]. Inhibitory effects of cedrol, β-cedrene, and thujopsene on cytochrome P450 enzyme activities in human liver microsomes. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2014;77(22-24):1522-32.

[2]. Cedrol Enhances Extracellular Matrix Production in Dermal Fibroblasts in a MAPK-Dependent Manner. Ann Dermatol. 2012 Feb;24(1):16-21.

Cedrol is a cedrolane sesquiterpene compound, belonging to the tertiary alcohol class. It has been reported to be found in Mappianthus iodoides, Basella alba, and other organisms with relevant data.
Therapeutic Uses
Cedrol, β-cedrolene, and thujone are bioactive sesquiterpenes found in cedarwood essential oil, possessing antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, tonic, astringent, diuretic, sedative, insecticidal, and antifungal properties. These compounds have applications in traditional medicine and cosmetics worldwide. /Traditional Uses/

C15H26O

222.372

222.198

77-53-2

65575

White to off-white solid powder

1.0±0.1 g/cm3

277.2±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg

55-59 °C(lit.)

115.5±10.9 °C

0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C

1.519

4.77

1

1

0

16

321

5

C[C@@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@]13CC[C@@]([C@H](C3)C2(C)C)(C)O

SVURIXNDRWRAFU-OGMFBOKVSA-N

InChI=1S/C15H26O/c1-10-5-6-11-13(2,3)12-9-15(10,11)8-7-14(12,4)16/h10-12,16H,5-9H2,1-4H3/t10-,11+,12-,14-,15+/m1/s1

(3R-(3alpha,3Abeta,6alpha,7beta,8aalpha))-octahydro-3,6,8,8-tetramethyl-1H-3a,7-methanoazulen-6-ol

Eudesmol Cedrol AI3-02178

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ~110 mg/mL (~494.67 mM)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL

Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.75 mg/mL (12.37 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 27.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (12.37 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 27.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (12.37 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 27.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

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 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)