| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| References | |
|---|---|
| Additional Infomation |
Carmine acid appears as a dark purplish-brown mass or a bright red or dark red powder. Its color deepens at 248 °F (120 °C). It dissolves in water to form a deep red color. In acidic aqueous solutions, it is yellow to purple. (NTP, 1992)
Carmine acid is a tetrahydroxyanthraquinone with the structure 1,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone, substituted with a methyl group at position 8, a carboxyl group at position 7, and a 1,5-dehydrated-D-glucol group linked to position 2 via a C-glycosidic bond. It is a natural dye isolated from various insects (e.g., Dactylopius coccus). It can be used as an animal metabolite and histological dye. It is a tetrahydroxyanthraquinone, monocarboxylic acid, and C-glycosidic compound. It is the conjugate acid of carmine (2-). Carmine is a pigment extracted from the cochineal insect (Coccus cacti L.). It is used as a dye in food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, etc., and also as a microscope staining agent and biomarker. See also: Cochineal (note moved to). Mechanism of Action The food coloring carmine acid generates free radicals through a redox cycle. These free radicals readily damage membrane lipids and degrade carbohydrate deoxyribose in the presence of trace amounts of iron salts. Damage to membrane lipids appears to primarily involve organic oxygen free radicals, such as alkoxy radicals and peroxy radicals, while damage to deoxyribose involves hydroxyl radicals formed in Fenton-type reactions. Antioxidants and iron chelators can prevent this damage. The antitumor drug carmine acid does not bind to DNA but slowly cleaves DNA, with faster cleavage rates during in-situ reduction and even faster cleavage rates during pre-reduction of the quinone moiety. |
| Molecular Formula |
C22H20O13
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
492.38600
|
| Exact Mass |
492.09
|
| CAS # |
1260-17-9
|
| PubChem CID |
10255083
|
| Appearance |
Brown to red solid
|
| Density |
1.9±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
907.6±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
136ºC
|
| Flash Point |
316.1±27.8 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.792
|
| LogP |
4.8
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
9
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
35
|
| Complexity |
864
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
|
| SMILES |
CC1=C2C(=CC(=C1C(=O)O)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C(=C3O)O)[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O4)O)O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
DGQLVPJVXFOQEV-JNVSTXMASA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H20O13/c1-4-8-5(2-6(24)9(4)22(33)34)13(25)10-11(15(8)27)16(28)12(18(30)17(10)29)21-20(32)19(31)14(26)7(3-23)35-21/h2,7,14,19-21,23-24,26,28-32H,3H2,1H3,(H,33,34)/t7-,14-,19+,20-,21+/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxo-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]anthracene-2-carboxylic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~253.86 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.22 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 +5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 + to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0309 mL | 10.1546 mL | 20.3091 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4062 mL | 2.0309 mL | 4.0618 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2031 mL | 1.0155 mL | 2.0309 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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