| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| Targets |
Biopterin is a cofactor for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters (dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, serotonin, and melatonin) and nitric oxide (NO). It acts as a cofactor for aromatic amino acid hydroxylases, including phenylalanine hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase, and tryptophan hydroxylase, as well as for nitric oxide synthases. By serving as an electron donor in these reactions, biopterin is essential for the production of neurotransmitters and NO.
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| ln Vitro |
6-Biopterin is highly cytotoxic to human melanocytes when cultured in vitro. 6-biopterin can be reduced by thioredoxin reductase to q-BH2, which is subsequently reduced to 6-BH4 by reduced glutathione or dihydropterin reductase. A continuous two-electron oxidation reaction converts (6R)5,6,7,8 tetrahydrobiopterin to quinone dihydrobiopterin and 6-biopterin, completing a redox cycle [1].
Biopterin is an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters and nitric oxide. It is the oxidized form of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Its activity as a cofactor has been confirmed in various enzymatic assays. It is also an oxidation product from the melanogenesis regulating cofactor (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin. |
| ln Vivo |
Biopterin plays a crucial role in various biological processes as an enzyme cofactor. It is essential for the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters and nitric oxide. It is widely distributed in nature and is considered a growth factor for some insects. It is found in human urine and other biological fluids.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The primary in vitro assays for Biopterin involve measuring its ability to serve as a cofactor for its target enzymes. Aromatic amino acid hydroxylase assays are performed by incubating the enzyme with its substrate and biopterin, and measuring the production of the hydroxylated product. Nitric oxide synthase assays measure the production of citrulline or NO in the presence of biopterin.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular experiments for Biopterin involve treating cells with the compound and measuring its effects on neurotransmitter synthesis and nitric oxide production. The levels of neurotransmitters and their metabolites can be measured by HPLC or mass spectrometry. Nitric oxide production can be measured using the Griess assay or with fluorescent probes.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for Biopterin are not extensively documented. As an essential cofactor, it is involved in numerous physiological processes. Its role in neurotransmitter synthesis and NO production can be studied in animal models of neurological or cardiovascular diseases. However, specific in vivo data is limited.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Biopterin has a molecular weight of 237.22 g/mol and a molecular formula of C9H11N5O3. It is a crystalline solid. It is soluble in water and organic solvents. It is typically stored at -20°C for long-term stability. Its purity is typically ≥98%. It is also known as 6-biopterin and L-erythro-biopterin.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Biopterin is a research compound that is not intended for human use. Its toxicological profile is not extensively characterized in the available literature. As a naturally occurring compound, it is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, as with all research chemicals, standard safety precautions should be followed when handling.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Erythropterin is a naturally occurring biopterin with a 1,2-dihydroxypropyl (1R,2S) configuration. It is the enantiomer of D-erythropterin. It is a pterin derivative based on 2-amino-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-4(1H)-pterinone. Biopterin is a natural product and was once thought to be a growth factor in certain insects. Biopterin is a cofactor for aromatic amino acid hydroxylases and nitric oxide synthases. Defects in biopterin metabolism (e.g., decreased tetrahydrobiopterin levels) are associated with neurological deterioration (e.g., hyperphenylalaninemia).
Biopterin is a naturally occurring pterin compound that serves as an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters and nitric oxide. It is the oxidized form of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). The compound is available from various chemical suppliers for research purposes. |
| Molecular Formula |
C9H11N5O3
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| Molecular Weight |
237.21
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| Exact Mass |
237.086
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| CAS # |
22150-76-1
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| PubChem CID |
135403659
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.9±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
563.4±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
>210°C dec.
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| Flash Point |
294.5±32.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.822
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| LogP |
-3.84
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
17
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| Complexity |
348
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
C[C@@H]([C@@H](C1=CN=C2C(=N1)C(=O)NC(=N2)N)O)O
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| InChi Key |
LHQIJBMDNUYRAM-DZSWIPIPSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H11N5O3/c1-3(15)6(16)4-2-11-7-5(12-4)8(17)14-9(10)13-7/h2-3,6,15-16H,1H3,(H3,10,11,13,14,17)/t3-,6-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
2-amino-6-[(1R,2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropyl]-3H-pteridin-4-one
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| Synonyms |
NSC-339699 NSC 339699 L-Biopterin
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~12.5 mg/mL (~52.69 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 1 mg/mL (4.22 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 10.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL of Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL of normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1 mg/mL (4.22 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 10.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.2157 mL | 21.0784 mL | 42.1567 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8431 mL | 4.2157 mL | 8.4313 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4216 mL | 2.1078 mL | 4.2157 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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