| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| Targets |
Anemarsaponin C targets inflammatory pathways, specifically the production of nitric oxide (NO) in microglial cells. It shows weak NO inhibitory activity in N9 microglial cells. NO is a pro-inflammatory mediator produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in activated microglia. By inhibiting NO production, Anemarsaponin C may exert mild anti-inflammatory effects. However, its primary target and mechanism of action are not fully elucidated.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies demonstrate that Anemarsaponin C shows weak NO inhibitory activity in N9 microglial cells. Its in vitro activity is assessed by measuring NO production in activated microglial cells using the Griess assay. The compound's weak activity suggests that it may have limited potency as an anti-inflammatory agent. Further in vitro studies may be needed to characterize its full biological activity profile.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity of Anemarsaponin C has not been extensively characterized in the available literature. As a steroidal saponin with weak NO inhibitory activity, the compound has potential applications in inflammation research. However, detailed in vivo efficacy data are not extensively reported. The compound is primarily used as a research tool.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for Anemarsaponin C involve measuring its inhibition of NO production in microglial cells. N9 microglial cells are treated with the compound and stimulated with LPS or other inflammatory stimuli. NO production is measured using the Griess assay, which quantifies nitrite accumulation in the culture supernatant. IC₅0 values are calculated from dose-response curves. Cell viability is assessed in parallel using MTT or similar assays to ensure that observed effects are not due to cytotoxicity.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Anemarsaponin C are conducted using N9 microglial cells. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of the compound and stimulated with LPS. NO production is measured using the Griess assay. Inflammatory cytokine production (e.g., TNF-alpha, IL-6) may also be measured by ELISA. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or similar assays. The compound's effects on iNOS expression may be assessed by Western blotting or qPCR.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Anemarsaponin C are limited. For anti-inflammatory studies, animal models of neuroinflammation could be used. Animals would be treated with the compound via oral or intraperitoneal administration at various doses. Inflammatory markers would be assessed in the brain or peripheral tissues. However, specific in vivo study protocols are not extensively reported.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Anemarsaponin C have not been extensively characterized. The compound has a molecular weight of 903.06 and a molecular formula of C4₅H₇4O1₈. It is soluble in DMSO at 100 mg/mL (110.73 mM). The compound is a steroidal saponin with high molecular weight and multiple sugar moieties, which may limit oral bioavailability. Detailed PK parameters are not reported. The compound is typically stored at 4degC, protected from light.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Anemarsaponin C are limited. The compound is not intended for human therapeutic use and is supplied for research purposes only. In cell-based assays, the compound is generally well-tolerated at concentrations used for activity studies. The compound is derived from Anemarrhena asphodeloides, a plant used in traditional medicine with a generally favorable safety profile. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Anemarsaponin BIII has been reported in asparagus and available data are available.
Anemarsaponin C (Timosaponin C) is a steroidal saponin from Anemarrhena asphodeloides with weak NO inhibitory activity in N9 microglial cells. It is used for research in medicine and pharmacy. The compound is not an FDA-approved drug and has no clinical indications. It is available in high purity (≥98%) and is typically stored at 4degC, protected from light. |
| Molecular Formula |
C45H74O18
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
903.0583
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| Exact Mass |
902.488
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| CAS # |
185432-00-2
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| PubChem CID |
53462233
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
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| Density |
1.43±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
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| Boiling Point |
1023.7±65.0 °C(Predicted)
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| Melting Point |
>212 °C
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| LogP |
0.9
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
11
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
18
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
13
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| Heavy Atom Count |
63
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| Complexity |
1590
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O1C(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])OC2([H])C([H])(C([H])(C([H])(C([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])O2)O[H])O[H])O[H])=C(C([H])([H])[H])C2([H])C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])C3([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C4([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C4(C([H])([H])[H])C3([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C12C([H])([H])[H])OC1([H])C([H])(C([H])(C([H])(C([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])O1)O[H])O[H])OC1([H])C([H])(C([H])(C([H])(C([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])O1)O[H])O[H])O[H]
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| InChi Key |
ROHLIYKWVMBBFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C45H74O18/c1-19(18-57-41-38(55)35(52)32(49)28(15-46)60-41)5-8-26-20(2)31-27(59-26)14-25-23-7-6-21-13-22(9-11-44(21,3)24(23)10-12-45(25,31)4)58-43-40(37(54)34(51)30(17-48)62-43)63-42-39(56)36(53)33(50)29(16-47)61-42/h19,21-25,27-43,46-56H,5-18H2,1-4H3
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| Chemical Name |
2-[4-[16-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-6-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~110.73 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.77 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.77 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.77 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.1073 mL | 5.5367 mL | 11.0735 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2215 mL | 1.1073 mL | 2.2147 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1107 mL | 0.5537 mL | 1.1073 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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