Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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50mg |
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100mg |
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1g |
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5g |
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10g |
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25g |
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Other Sizes |
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Purity: ≥98%
5-Aminolevulinic acid HCl (also known as ALA hydrochloride; trade name: Levulan), an FDA approved drug for treating actinic keratosis, is an intermediate in heme biosynthesis and the universal precursor of tetrapyrroles. Aminolevulinic acid is a also topically administered metabolic precursor of protoporphyrin IX. After topical administration, aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is converted to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) which is a photosensitizer. When the proper wavelength of light activates protoporphyrin IX, singlet oxygen is produced, resulting in a local cytotoxic effect. In 1999, FDA approved this drug for for actinic keratosis.
ln Vitro |
It is being researched for intraoperative tumor identification and resection if 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA), a nonfluorescent prodrug, stimulates the formation of fluorescent porphyrins in malignant glioma cells. 35.4 months was the median follow-up period (95% CI 1.0-56.7). Ninety of the 139 patients (65%) treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid had all of their contrast-enhancing tumors fully removed, while only 36 of the 131 patients (36%) treated with white light had this outcome (the difference between the groups was 29% [95% CI 17-40], p < 0.0001). The 6-month progression-free survival was higher in patients treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid than in patients treated with white light (41.0% [32.8-49.2] vs 21.1% [14.0-28.2]; between-group difference 19.9% [9.1-30.7], p= 0.0003, Z test) [1]. It has been demonstrated that 5-ALA by itself is insufficient to provide complete excision without running the risk of neurologic decline following surgery. Furthermore, iMRI in conjunction with functional neuronavigation is notably superior to the 5-ALA resection approach for functional grade III gliomas [2].
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References |
[1]. Stummer, W., et al., Fluorescence-guided surgery with 5-aminolevulinic acid for resection of malignant glioma: a randomised controlled multicentre phase III trial. Lancet Oncol, 2006. 7(5): p. 392-401.
[2]. Eyupoglu, I.Y., et al., Improving the extent of malignant glioma resection by dual intraoperative visualization approach. PLoS One, 2012. 7(9): p. e44885. |
Molecular Formula |
C5H10CLNO3
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Molecular Weight |
167.5908
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CAS # |
5451-09-2
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Related CAS # |
5-Aminolevulinic acid-13C-1 hydrochloride;129720-94-1;5-Aminolevulinic acid-15N hydrochloride;116571-80-3;5-Aminolevulinic acid-d2 hydrochloride;187237-35-0;5-Aminolevulinic acid-13C hydrochloride;5-Aminolevulinic acid;106-60-5
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SMILES |
O=C(O)CCC(CN)=O.[H]Cl
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InChi Key |
ZLHFONARZHCSET-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H9NO3.ClH/c6-3-4(7)1-2-5(8)9;/h1-3,6H2,(H,8,9);1H
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Chemical Name |
5-amino-4-oxopentanoic acid hydrochloride
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Synonyms |
5-ALA; ALA; dALA; 5-aminolevulinic acid; aminolevulinic acid; Aminolevulinic Acid HCl; Aminolevulinic Acid hydrochloride; US trade name: Levulan.
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Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~596.69 mM)
H2O : ~16.67 mg/mL (~99.47 mM) |
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Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.41 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.41 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (12.41 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 100 mg/mL (596.69 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
1 mM | 5.9669 mL | 29.8347 mL | 59.6694 mL | |
5 mM | 1.1934 mL | 5.9669 mL | 11.9339 mL | |
10 mM | 0.5967 mL | 2.9835 mL | 5.9669 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.