| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
UCK2 (uridine-cytidine kinase 2); PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma); TLR4; NF-κB; MAPK. Alpinetin activates PPAR-γ, which attenuates TLR4 expression and TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPK activation, reducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It also activates Nrf2. As a UCK2 inhibitor, it may affect nucleotide metabolism.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Alpinetin demonstrates potent anti-inflammatory activity in vitro by inhibiting LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β production. It blocks the phosphorylation of IκBα, p65, p38, and ERK in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. It has antiproliferative effects in HepG2 hepatoma cells and BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells. It induces vasorelaxation in rat mesenteric arteries through multiple mechanisms.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Alpinetin suppresses T-cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in mice. It protects against LPS-induced kidney injury through activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of TLR4 expression. It has vascular effects that relax mesenteric arteries. The compound demonstrates anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects in animal models.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme and receptor binding assays for Alpinetin involve measuring PPAR-γ activation, UCK2 inhibition, or TLR4/NF-κB signaling. PPAR-γ activation is assessed using reporter gene assays. UCK2 activity is measured using enzymatic assays with radiolabeled substrates. NF-κB activation is assessed by measuring IκBα phosphorylation or NF-κB DNA binding.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Alpinetin involve culturing RAW 264.7 macrophages, HepG2 hepatoma cells, or BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells. Cells are treated with Alpinetin at varying concentrations (typically 1-100 µM) and stimulated with LPS where applicable. Cytokine production is measured by ELISA. Cell proliferation is assessed using MTT assays. Apoptosis is measured by caspase activity or annexin V staining.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Alpinetin have been conducted in mouse models of inflammation and delayed-type hypersensitivity. The compound is typically administered orally or intraperitoneally. Efficacy is assessed by measuring inflammatory markers, tissue damage, or immune responses. Dosing regimens vary. Studies have also been conducted in models of kidney injury.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for Alpinetin are limited. The compound has a molecular weight of 270.28 and a molecular formula of C16H14O4. It is typically stored as a powder under recommended conditions. Detailed ADME parameters are not extensively documented in publicly available sources. The compound is intended for research use only.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Alpinetin is generally considered safe at research-relevant doses. However, comprehensive toxicological data are limited. The compound is a natural flavonoid and is not known to be highly toxic. It is intended for research use only and is not approved for human therapeutic applications. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be taken when handling the compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Gingerol is an ether compound belonging to the flavonoid family. It has been reported to exist in ginger species such as Zingiber officinale, Zingiber truncatum, and other organisms with relevant data.
Alpinetin is a natural flavonoid from Alpinia katsumadai with anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and immunosuppressive activities. It activates PPAR-γ and inhibits UCK2, TLR4, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling. The compound has been studied for its potential in inflammatory diseases, cancer, and immune disorders. It is not approved for clinical use and is available for research purposes. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H14O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
270.2800
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| Exact Mass |
270.089
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| CAS # |
36052-37-6
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| PubChem CID |
154279
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
494.9±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
223-224ºC
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| Flash Point |
188.8±22.2 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.612
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| LogP |
3.71
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
20
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| Complexity |
350
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
COC1=CC(=CC2=C1C(=O)C[C@H](O2)C3=CC=CC=C3)O
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| InChi Key |
QQQCWVDPMPFUGF-ZDUSSCGKSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H14O4/c1-19-14-7-11(17)8-15-16(14)12(18)9-13(20-15)10-5-3-2-4-6-10/h2-8,13,17H,9H2,1H3/t13-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~184.99 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 5 mg/mL (18.50 mM) in 0.5% CMC-Na/saline water (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.6999 mL | 18.4993 mL | 36.9987 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7400 mL | 3.6999 mL | 7.3997 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3700 mL | 1.8499 mL | 3.6999 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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