Adrenalone HCl

Alias: Adrenalone hydrochloride; Adrenone hydrochloride; Adrenalonium chloratum; Adrenone HCl; Epinephrine ketone hydrochloride; Kephrine hydrochloride; Stryphnonasal

Cat No.:V1148 Purity: ≥98%

COA Product Data Instructions for use SDS

Adrenalone HCl Chemical Structure CAS No.: 62-13-5
Product category: Adrenergic Receptor

This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.

Size	Price	Stock	Qty
500mg
1g
2g
5g
10g
25g
50g
Other Sizes

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Other Forms of Adrenalone HCl:

Adrenalone

Official Supplier of:

Top Publications Citing lnvivochem Products

Nature 2021, 597(7874):119-125.

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Cell 2020,183:1202-1218.e25.

Science Adv 2022:8,eabm9427.

Nature 2021,597(7874):119-125.

Cell 2020,183:1202-1218.e25.

PNAS Nexus 2022,1(3):pgac063.

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Purity & Quality Control Documentation

Current batch：

Purity: ≥98%

COA

MSDS

NMR

Instructions

Product Description
Bioactivity & Protocols
Physicochemical Properties
Solubility Data
Calculators
Biological Data

Product Description

Adrenalone HCl (Adrenalonium chloratum, Adrenone, Epinephrine ketone, Kephrine, Stryphnonasal), the hydrochloride salt of adrenalone, is a potent adrenergic agonist used as a topical vasoconstrictor and hemostatic. Adrenalone primarily acts on alpha-1 adrenergic receptors and blocks dopamine β oxidase, which prevents dopamine from being converted to norepinephrine. The only structural difference between adrenaline and epinine is that the former has a ketone group in the β position. All OH radicals have been scavenged since the reduction of adrenalone (0.1 mM) by hydrated electrons in nitrogenated aqueous solutions containing either 10 or 100 mM tert-butyl alcohol produces identical transient spectra.

Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)

Targets

α1-adrenergic receptor

ln Vitro

In vitro activity: Adrenalone (12 μM) blocks dopamine β oxidase, which prevents dopamine from being converted to norepinephrine. The only structural difference between adrenaline and epinine is that the former has a ketone group in the β position.[1] All OH radicals have been scavenged since the reduction of adrenalone (0.1 mM) by hydrated electrons in nitrogenated aqueous solutions containing either 10 or 100 mM tert-butyl alcohol produces identical transient spectra. Adrenaline's reduction state makes it behave like a carbonyl compound, but its catechol functional group largely controls oxidation reactions.[2] Adrenalone is the keton form of the natural substrate epinephrine, and it functions as a topical nasal decongestant, hemostatic, and vasoconstrictor. Adrenalone has three groups: an amine group that forms an ionic bond with Asp75, a hydroxyl group that forms a hydrogen bond with Ala145, and an aromatic ring that interacts hydrophobically with Phe72, Tyr152, and Phe317. At 10 μM (100 μM), adrenaline decreases substrate uptake to 99% (27%).[3]

ln Vivo

Adrenalone (0.05%) applied topically to rabbits' eyes at 30-minute intervals causes concentrations in the iris-ciliary body, cornea, and aqueous humor to be 7.75 mg/kg, 0.87 mg/kg, and 2.51 mg/kg, respectively.[4]

Animal Protocol

7.75 mg/kg, 0.87 mg/kg and 2.51 mg/kg; administrated topically

Rabbits

References

[1]. Nature . 1961 Dec 16:192:1081.

[2]. J. Phys. Chem. 1979, 83, 19, 2447–2452.

[3]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 2011 Sep 20;108(38):15810-5.

[4]. Exp Eye Res . 1984 Jun;38(6):621-6.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Formula

C9H12CLNO3

Molecular Weight

217.65

Exact Mass

217.05

Elemental Analysis

C, 49.67; H, 5.56; Cl, 16.29; N, 6.44; O, 22.05

CAS #

62-13-5

Related CAS #

Adrenalone; 99-45-6

Appearance

Solid powder

SMILES

CNCC(=O)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O.Cl

InChi Key

CSRRBDMYOUQTCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code

InChI=1S/C9H11NO3.ClH/c1-10-5-9(13)6-2-3-7(11)8(12)4-6;/h2-4,10-12H,5H2,1H3;1H

Chemical Name

1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)ethanone;hydrochloride

Synonyms

Adrenalone hydrochloride; Adrenone hydrochloride; Adrenalonium chloratum; Adrenone HCl; Epinephrine ketone hydrochloride; Kephrine hydrochloride; Stryphnonasal

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.9001

Storage

Powder -20°C 3 years

4°C 2 years

In solvent -80°C 6 months

-20°C 1 month

Shipping Condition

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

Solubility Data

Solubility (In Vitro)

DMSO: 44~100 mg/mL (202.2~459.5 mM)

Water: ~44 mg/mL (~202.2 mM)

Ethanol: <1 mg/mL

Preparing Stock Solutions		1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
	1 mM	4.5945 mL	22.9727 mL	45.9453 mL
	5 mM	0.9189 mL	4.5945 mL	9.1891 mL
	10 mM	0.4595 mL	2.2973 mL	4.5945 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

Mass

Concentration

Volume

Molecular Weight*

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Molarity Calculator allows you to calculate the mass, volume, and/or concentration required for a solution, as detailed below:

Calculate the Mass of a compound required to prepare a solution of known volume and concentration
Calculate the Volume of solution required to dissolve a compound of known mass to a desired concentration
Calculate the Concentration of a solution resulting from a known mass of compound in a specific volume

See Example

An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?

Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
Enter 5 in the Volume box and choose the correct unit (mL)
Click the “Calculate” button
The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Concentration (Start)

Volume (Start)

Concentration (End)

Volume (End)

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Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:

Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
Enter 25 into the Concentration (End) box and select the correct unit (mM)
Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
Click the “Calculate” button
The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box

Molecular formula

Total molecular weight

g/mol

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Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4 c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:

To calculate molar mass of a chemical compound, please enter the chemical/molecular formula and click the “Calculate’ button.

Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:

Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.

Volume (to add to vial)

Mass (in vial)

Desired Reconstitution Concentration

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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

Enter the mass of the reagent and the desired reconstitution concentration as well as the correct units
Click the “Calculate” button
The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)

Dosage mg/kg

Average weight of animals g

Dosing volume per animal μL

Number of animals

Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)

% DMSO

% Tween 80

% ddH₂O

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Calculation results

Working concentration： mg/mL；

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH₂O，mix and clarify.

Note： (1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Biological Data

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 2011 Sep 20;108(38):15810-5.