| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
(Rac)-Anemonin selectively inhibits iNOS and PKC-θ. It can significantly inhibit the translation or protein stability of PKC-θ protein. By targeting these enzymes, the compound modulates inflammatory responses and related pathologies.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, (Rac)-Anemonin has demonstrated activity in IL-1β/NF-κB signaling studies in chondrocytes, H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress models, and anti-leishmanial screening with low nanomolar IC₅₀ values. It is a reliable tool for dissecting inflammatory pathways. The compound ensures consistent dose-response in cell-based assays.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Anemonin has been shown to ameliorate dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. This demonstrates its potential for studying inflammation-related diseases.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The inhibitory activity of (Rac)-Anemonin is assessed using cell-based assays. For iNOS inhibition, the production of nitric oxide in activated macrophages is measured. For PKC-θ inhibition, the phosphorylation of downstream substrates or the stability of the PKC-θ protein is evaluated.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for (Rac)-Anemonin involve treating cells such as chondrocytes or macrophages with the compound to study its effects on NF-κB signaling, oxidative stress, or inflammatory responses. Cell viability and inflammatory markers are assessed to determine the compound's activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies are conducted in mouse models of inflammatory diseases, such as DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. The compound is administered via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection or oral gavage. Disease severity, inflammatory markers, and tissue histology are evaluated.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of (Rac)-Anemonin are not extensively detailed in publicly available sources. As a research compound, it is typically formulated in DMSO for in vitro studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
(Rac)-Anemonin is intended for research use only. Its toxicological profile is not fully characterized, but it is used as a well-characterized research tool for studying inflammatory pathways.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Angiotensin has been reported in Ranunculus sceleratus, Drymaria cordata, and other organisms with relevant data. See also: Angiotensin (note moved to); Protoanthroposide (note moved to).
(Rac)-Anemonin is a stable, racemic diastereomer of the natural product anemonin, offering superior bioassay stability compared to unstable natural extracts. It is a valuable tool for dissecting inflammatory signaling pathways, particularly those involving iNOS and PKC-θ. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H8O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
192.17
|
| Exact Mass |
192.042
|
| CAS # |
90921-11-2
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| PubChem CID |
10496
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
|
| Density |
1.45±0.1 g/cm3 (20 ºC 760 Torr)
|
| Source |
Originated from plants: Ranunculaceae Clematis crassifolia Benth.
|
| LogP |
0.483
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
14
|
| Complexity |
357
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
O=C1C=CC2(C3(C=CC(=O)O3)CC2)O1
|
| InChi Key |
JLUQTCXCAFSSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H8O4/c11-7-1-3-9(13-7)5-6-10(9)4-2-8(12)14-10/h1-4H,5-6H2
|
| Chemical Name |
4,7-dioxadispiro[4.0.46.25]dodeca-1,9-diene-3,8-dione
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 5 mg/mL (26.02 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix well; then add 50 μL of Tween-80 and mix well; finally add 450 μL of physiological saline and adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 5 mg/mL (26.02 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD saline and mix well. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: 5 mg/mL (26.02 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Suspended solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL of corn oil and mix well. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
|---|
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.2037 mL | 26.0186 mL | 52.0373 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0407 mL | 5.2037 mL | 10.4075 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5204 mL | 2.6019 mL | 5.2037 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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