| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Polygodial targets the TRPA1 ion channel. It is a TRPA1 channel activator with an EC50 of 400 nM. It is selective against TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, and TRPM8 channels. Polygodial also exhibits antifungal activity via inhibition of mitochondrial ATPase. Its diverse biological activities are mediated through its interactions with these targets.
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| ln Vitro |
In standardized susceptibility testing (NCCLS), Polygodial demonstrates fungicidal effectiveness against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans, and other fungal infections. When Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells are treated with polygodial (12.5 μg/mL for 3 hours), they significantly shrink in comparison to controls when the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) is set for 106 CFU/mL in RPMI 1640 medium[3].
Polygodial demonstrates potent antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans, and other fungal infections. It exhibits fungicidal effectiveness in standardized susceptibility testing. It acts as an antifungal potentiator and an antibiotic. Its activity against various fungal strains has been confirmed in vitro. |
| ln Vivo |
Polygodial is a sesquiterpene that was extracted from Drymis winteri's (Winteraceae) bark. Mice given Polygodial (0.5 to 10 mg/kg; 0.5 h; intraperitoneal method) significantly, dose-dependently, and nearly completely inhibits the constrictions in their abdomens caused by Acetic acid, Kaolin, and Zymosan. The estimated maximal inhibitions against acetic acid, kaolin, and zymosan are 90.0±3.0, 98.0±1.0, and 97.0±2.0 %, respectively, with mean ID50 values of 0.8, 2.1, and 2.6 mg/kg. At the ID50 level, polygodial has a potency that is roughly 14–27 times greater than hydroalcoholic extract (HE)[2].
Polygodial acts as an analgesic via desensitization of sensory neurons. It exhibits antifungal, antibiotic, insect antifeedant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive properties. Its diverse biological activities make it a valuable compound for pharmaceutical research. It has been shown to be particularly effective against a variety of bacterial and fungal strains. |
| Enzyme Assay |
The primary in vitro assays for Polygodial include TRPA1 channel activation assays, where its ability to activate the channel is measured using calcium imaging or electrophysiology. Antifungal activity is assessed using standardized susceptibility testing (NCCLS) against various fungal strains. Its analgesic activity can be assessed in sensory neuron desensitization assays.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell Viability Assay[3]
Cell Types: S. cerevisiae cells Tested Concentrations: 12.5 μg/mL Incubation Duration: 3 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: Treated cells demonstrated significant shrinkage compared to controls, and the organization of subcellular organelles appeared either disrupted or compacted. Cellular assays for Polygodial involve treating cells, such as sensory neurons or fungal cells, with the compound and measuring its effects. In sensory neurons, its ability to activate TRPA1 and desensitize neurons can be assessed. In fungal cells, its antifungal activity is measured by assessing cell viability and growth inhibition. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Non-fasted male Swiss mice ( 20-30 g) or male Wistar rats (150-180 g)[2]
Doses: 0.1 to 10 mg/kg Route of Administration: Injected ip 0.5 h before the injection of irritant substances Experimental Results: Produced significant inhibition of Acetic acid, Kaolin and Zymosan -induced writhing in mice. In vivo animal experiments for Polygodial would involve administering the compound to animal models of pain, inflammation, or infection to assess its therapeutic efficacy. Its analgesic effects could be evaluated in models of inflammatory or neuropathic pain. Its antifungal activity could be assessed in models of fungal infection. However, specific in vivo data is not detailed in the provided sources. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Polygodial has a molecular weight of 234.33 g/mol and a molecular formula of C15H22O2. It is a sesquiterpene dialdehyde. It is typically stored at -20°C. Its purity is ≥97% (HPLC). The compound is a TRPA1 channel activator with an EC50 of 400 nM.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Polygodial is not extensively detailed in the provided sources. As a naturally occurring compound, it is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, as a research compound, it is not intended for human use. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Polygodial is an aldehyde. It has been reported to exist in Apopellia endiviifolia, Dendrodoris tuberculosa, and other organisms with available data.
Polygodial (Tadeonal) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene dialdehyde with diverse biological activities. It is a TRPA1 channel activator with an EC50 of 400 nM. It exhibits potent antifungal, antibiotic, and analgesic properties. Polygodial is used in research to study TRPA1 channel function, pain, and fungal infections. It is available from various chemical suppliers for research purposes. |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H22O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
234.33
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| Exact Mass |
234.161
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| CAS # |
6754-20-7
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| Related CAS # |
6754-20-7
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| PubChem CID |
72503
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
330.7±35.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
124.0±22.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.570
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| LogP |
3.84
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
17
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| Complexity |
367
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
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| SMILES |
C[C@]12CCCC([C@@H]1CC=C([C@@H]2C=O)C=O)(C)C
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| InChi Key |
AZJUJOFIHHNCSV-KCQAQPDRSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H22O2/c1-14(2)7-4-8-15(3)12(10-17)11(9-16)5-6-13(14)15/h5,9-10,12-13H,4,6-8H2,1-3H3/t12-,13-,15+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(1R,4aS,8aS)-5,5,8a-trimethyl-1,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (426.75 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.2675 mL | 21.3374 mL | 42.6749 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8535 mL | 4.2675 mL | 8.5350 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4267 mL | 2.1337 mL | 4.2675 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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