| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5g |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
IL-4; IL-13; TNFR1
Oxazolone targets the immune system, acting as a haptenizing agent that triggers inflammatory responses. It activates Th1/Th2 responses, leading to Th1/Th2-dependent colitis characterized by weight loss and diarrhea. The compound's mechanism involves the induction of acute or chronic inflammation in the large intestine, making it suitable for developing colitis models. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Oxazolone demonstrates in vitro activity as a haptenizing agent that can induce inflammatory responses. It is used in research to study the mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease and to evaluate potential therapeutic agents. The compound's activity is assessed by its ability to induce inflammation and immune responses in cell and tissue models.
|
| ln Vivo |
Induction of colitis [1]
1. Method of preparation: Vortex acetone and olive oil at a 4:1 v/v ratio to create the sensitizing solution (1). To create a 3% (w/v) oxazolone-sensitized solution, dissolve 60 mg of oxazolone powder in 2 mL of this mixture. Use a gentle vortex to blend the mixture. Challenge solution (2) preparation: To make a 1% (w/v) solution, dissolve 20 mg of oxazolone in 2 mL of 50% ethanol. Use a gentle vortex to blend the mixture. Before used, the powdered oxazolone needs to be completely dissolved. 2. Procedure for the experiment: Sensitization pretreatment: Using electric scissors, scrape off around 2 cm by 2 cm of the mouse's back skin. Take care not to get any open wounds. Mice's naked skin should be given 150 μL of Oxazolone Sensitizing Solution (I). Take note that the control was a sensitizer free of oxazolone. Treatment induction: Give mice an intraperitoneal injection of ketamine/thiazide solution (80 μL/10 g) or use an isoflurane anesthesia device to anesthetize them by inhalation. Place the catheter in the mouse's colon, about 3–4 cm deep, right next to the anus. Attach the catheter's opposite end to a 1 mL syringe. Using the catheter, inject around 100 μL of Oxazolone Stimulating Solution (II) into the colon lumen for ten to thirty seconds. The mouse was kept vertically (head down) for 60 seconds following treatment. In vivo activity of oxazolone has been demonstrated in animal models of inflammation. It is used to induce acute or chronic colitis and atopic dermatitis models. Oxazolone-induced colitis is characterized by Th1/Th2-dependent responses, weight loss, and diarrhea, and can be alleviated by anti-IL-4, anti-TNF-α antibodies, or IL-13Rα2-Fc protein. The compound is also used in adult zebrafish models for inflammatory bowel disease research. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for oxazolone are not typically performed, as it is used as a haptenizing agent in inflammatory models. Its activity is assessed by measuring its ability to induce inflammatory responses in cell cultures or tissue samples, including cytokine production and immune cell activation.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for oxazolone involve treating immune cells or intestinal epithelial cells with the compound and measuring inflammatory responses. Cytokine production (e.g., IL-4, TNF-α) is measured using ELISA or multiplex assays. Immune cell activation is assessed by measuring cell surface marker expression using flow cytometry.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for oxazolone involve administering the compound to mice or zebrafish to induce inflammatory responses. In mouse models, oxazolone is applied topically or administered rectally to induce colitis or atopic dermatitis. Disease severity is assessed by measuring weight loss, diarrhea, histological analysis, and inflammatory cytokine levels. In zebrafish, intestinal inflammation is evaluated for gene expression studies.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for oxazolone are limited. The compound has a molecular weight of 217.22 and a molecular formula of C12H11NO3. Purity is typically ≥98%. Its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties have not been fully characterized. The compound is used as a research tool for inducing inflammatory models.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
1712094 LD50 in mice (intravenous injection): 56 mg/kg. U.S. Army Armament Research and Development Command Chemical Systems Laboratory, NIOSH Exchange Chemicals, NX#06780
Oxazolone is not intended for human therapeutic use. As a sensitizing agent and hapten, it can induce inflammatory responses and should be handled with appropriate safety precautions. The compound is intended for research use only. Standard laboratory safety protocols should be followed when handling this compound. |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Immune adjuvants and sensitizers. Mouse intestinal inflammation models have been widely used in biomedical research. The anatomical and physiological similarities between such mouse models and patients with inflammatory bowel disease help to better understand the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In addition, intestinal inflammation models can also be used to analyze potential novel therapeutic drugs. Chemically induced inflammation models are an important class of models. Among them, the colitis model induced by the haptenant oxazolone is an important model that can induce acute or chronic inflammation of the large intestine. This article will describe the induction and analysis of this experimental colitis model. [1]
Oxazolone (4-Ethoxymethylene-2-phenyl-2-oxazolin-5-one) (CAS#: 15646-46-5) has the molecular formula C12H11NO3 and a molecular weight of 217.22. It is an immunologic adjuvant and sensitizing agent used as a haptenizing agent to induce inflammatory responses. Oxazolone activates Th1/Th2 responses and is used to develop colitis and atopic dermatitis models. Purity is ≥98%. It is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H11NO3
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
217.22
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| Exact Mass |
217.074
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| CAS # |
15646-46-5
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| PubChem CID |
1712094
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| Appearance |
Gray to brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.18 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
308.8ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
94-96 °C (dec.)(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
136.8ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.000666mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.561
|
| LogP |
1.303
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
16
|
| Complexity |
327
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
CCO/C=C\1/C(=O)OC(=N1)C2=CC=CC=C2
|
| InChi Key |
SJHPCNCNNSSLPL-NTMALXAHSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H11NO3/c1-2-15-8-10-12(14)16-11(13-10)9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-8H,2H2,1H3/b10-8-
|
| Chemical Name |
(4Z)-4-(ethoxymethylidene)-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5-one
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| Synonyms |
Oxazolone; 15646-46-5; 5(4H)-Oxazolone, 4-(ethoxymethylene)-2-phenyl-; DTXSID1049225; 3CLC92Z7WP;
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (460.36 mM)
50% Ethanol in Water: 10 mg/mL (46 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.51 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.6036 mL | 23.0181 mL | 46.0363 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9207 mL | 4.6036 mL | 9.2073 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4604 mL | 2.3018 mL | 4.6036 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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