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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Fenobucarb targets the nervous system of insects as a carbamate insecticide. Carbamate insecticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme essential for nerve function in insects. By inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, fenobucarb causes accumulation of acetylcholine at nerve synapses, leading to paralysis and death of the insect. The compound is used to control rice planthoppers, rice leafhoppers, and rice thrips.
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| ln Vitro |
Fenobucarb demonstrates in vitro activity as a carbamate insecticide. It has strong contact action, as well as stomach poison, fumigation, and ovicidal effects. The compound's activity is typically assessed in insecticidal bioassays against target pests such as rice planthoppers, leafhoppers, and thrips. It is fast-acting but has a short residual period. The compound is used in agriculture as an insecticide.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies for Fenobucarb are conducted in the context of agricultural pest control. The compound is applied as a spray or dust to crops to control insect pests. Its efficacy is evaluated in field trials and greenhouse studies. The compound has strong contact action and stomach poison effects. It is used on rice and cotton crops. The compound is fast-acting but has a short residual period.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For insecticidal bioassays, Fenobucarb is tested against target insect pests at various concentrations. Insects are exposed to the compound by contact or ingestion, and mortality is assessed after defined time periods. LC50 values are calculated from dose-response curves. For acetylcholinesterase inhibition assays, insect enzyme preparations are incubated with the compound and enzyme activity is measured spectrophotometrically.
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| Cell Assay |
For agricultural applications, Fenobucarb is formulated as an emulsifiable concentrate (50% EC) or dust (2% powder). The compound is applied by spraying or dusting at recommended rates. Efficacy against target pests such as rice planthoppers, leafhoppers, and thrips is evaluated in field trials. Crop damage is assessed and compared to untreated controls. The compound has strong contact action and stomach poison effects.
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| Animal Protocol |
For field efficacy studies, Fenobucarb is applied to crops at recommended rates and timings. Pest populations are monitored before and after application. Crop yield and quality are assessed at harvest. The compound is used to control rice planthoppers, leafhoppers, and thrips. It is fast-acting but has a short residual period. The compound is applied as a spray or dust.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
Carbamates are enzymatically hydrolyzed in the liver; degradation products are excreted via the kidneys and liver. (L793) Pharmacokinetic properties of Fenobucarb have been characterized in the context of its use as an insecticide. The compound has a molecular formula of C12H17NO2 and a molecular weight of 207.27. Appearance is colorless to light yellow clear liquid. Purity is min. 95.0% by HPLC. It is a carbamate ester insecticide. The compound is used in agriculture. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity Summary
Fenobucarb is a cholinesterase, or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Carbamate compounds carbamate the enzyme's active site, forming an unstable complex with cholinesterase. This inhibition is reversible. Cholinesterase inhibitors suppress the activity of acetylcholinesterase. Because acetylcholinesterase plays a vital physiological role, chemicals that interfere with its activity are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and lacrimation even at low doses. High-dose exposure typically results in symptoms such as headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Acetylcholinesterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at the neuromuscular junction, causing muscle or organ relaxation. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase results in the accumulation and sustained action of acetylcholine, leading to continuous nerve impulse transmission and uninterrupted muscle contraction. Fenobucarb is an agricultural insecticide intended for crop protection use and is not approved for human therapeutic use. As a carbamate insecticide, it inhibits acetylcholinesterase in insects. The compound has strong contact action, stomach poison, fumigation, and ovicidal effects. Standard safety precautions for pesticide handling should be followed when using this compound. Purity min. 95.0% by HPLC. |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Fenobucarb is a carbamate formed by the condensation of 2-sec-butylphenol and methylcarbamate. It is an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, and also an agricultural chemical, herbicide, insecticide, and environmental pollutant. Its structure is related to methylcarbamate and 2-sec-butylphenol. Fenobucarb is a synthetic carbamate compound and a carbamate acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used as an insecticide. It is an oily yellow liquid that can be accessed through inhalation, ingestion, or contact. Fenobucarb is a carbamate insecticide. Carbamate insecticides are derived from carbamate and their insecticidal action is similar to that of organophosphate insecticides. They are widely used in homes, gardens, and agriculture. The first carbamate insecticide, Sevin, was introduced in 1956, and its global usage exceeds that of all other carbamate insecticides combined. Due to its relatively low oral and dermal toxicity to mammals and its broad spectrum of control, Sevin is widely used in lawns and gardens. Most carbamate insecticides are highly toxic to hymenopteran insects, therefore precautions must be taken to prevent contact with them by insects such as bees or parasitic wasps. Some carbamate insecticides can be transported within plants, making them effective systemic control agents. (L795)
Fenobucarb is a carbamate ester insecticide with molecular formula C12H17NO2 and molecular weight 207.27. It is used as an agricultural insecticide on rice and cotton to control planthoppers, leafhoppers, and thrips. The compound has strong contact action, stomach poison, fumigation, and ovicidal effects, and is fast-acting but has a short residual period. It is for agricultural use only and has not been approved for clinical applications. Purity min. 95.0% by HPLC. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H17NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
207.27
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| Exact Mass |
207.125
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| CAS # |
3766-81-2
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| Related CAS # |
Fenobucarb-d3;2662756-72-9
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| PubChem CID |
19588
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow oil
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| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
282.5±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
124.7±22.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.505
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| LogP |
3.04
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
15
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| Complexity |
206
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CCC(C1=CC=CC=C1OC(NC)=O)C
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| InChi Key |
DIRFUJHNVNOBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H17NO2/c1-4-9(2)10-7-5-6-8-11(10)15-12(14)13-3/h5-9H,4H2,1-3H3,(H,13,14)
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| Chemical Name |
(2-butan-2-ylphenyl) N-methylcarbamate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (482.46 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.06 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.06 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.06 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.8246 mL | 24.1231 mL | 48.2462 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9649 mL | 4.8246 mL | 9.6492 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4825 mL | 2.4123 mL | 4.8246 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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