| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
mGluR4
The primary targets of Cinnabarinic acid include various enzymes and cellular pathways. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi, and it exhibits cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines. It may also interact with immune cells, modulating cytokine production and inflammatory responses. The compound's mechanism of action is thought to involve oxidative stress and DNA damage. |
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| ln Vitro |
Measurements of [3H]InsP production reveal that cinnabarinic acid (0-100 μM) does not activate mGlu1, mGlu2, mGlu5, mGlu6, mGlu7, and mGlu8 receptors. Cinnabarinic acid, on the other hand, functions as a partial agonist of mGlu4 receptors by raising [3H]InsP formation by about 35% at 100 μM. This means that it is five times less effective than ACPT-I at activating mGlu4 receptors in HEK293 cells transiently transfected with rat mGlu1, -2, -4, -5, -6, -7, or -8 receptors[1]. With remarkable potency and efficacy, cinnabarinic acid (0-100 μM) decreases the production of cAMP in a concentration-dependent manner. Cinnabarinic acid significantly reduces the synthesis of cAMP in cultured cerebellar granule cells at 30 μM, where it is effective[1].
In vitro, Cinnabarinic acid demonstrates antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, with MIC values in the range of 10-50 µg/mL. It also shows cytotoxic effects against several cancer cell lines, including HeLa and MCF-7 cells, with IC50 values typically in the micromolar range. The compound has been studied for its ability to induce apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity of Cinnabarinic acid has been reported in some animal models, showing anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, detailed pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies are limited. The compound is primarily studied in vitro, and further in vivo investigations are needed to confirm its therapeutic potential.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for Cinnabarinic acid are not well established. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is performed using broth microdilution to determine MIC values. Cytotoxicity assays are conducted on cancer cell lines using MTT or SRB assays. The compound is typically tested at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 µM.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for Cinnabarinic acid involve testing its effects on cell viability, apoptosis, and immune cell function. Cancer cell lines are treated with serial dilutions of the compound, and cell viability is assessed. Apoptosis is evaluated by Annexin V/PI staining and caspase activity. Immune cell cytokine production is measured by ELISA.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Cinnabarinic acid are limited. Some studies have used mouse models of inflammation to evaluate its anti-inflammatory effects, with administration via intraperitoneal injection at doses of 1-10 mg/kg. Detailed protocols are not widely reported.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Cinnabarinic acid has a molecular formula of C14H8N2O5 and a molecular weight of 284.22. It appears as a red-orange solid with a purity of ≥95%. It is soluble in DMSO and ethanol, but poorly soluble in water. The compound should be stored at -20°C, protected from light, and is stable for up to 1 year under dry conditions. It is intended for research use only and is not for human consumption.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of Cinnabarinic acid has not been extensively characterized. As a natural phenazine, it is generally considered to have moderate toxicity. Standard toxicity studies would include acute oral toxicity, repeated-dose toxicity, and genotoxicity in animal models. The compound is intended for research use only and is not approved for clinical use.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Cinnavalininate is a phenoxazine compound. It is a metabolite found or produced in Escherichia coli (K12 strain, MG1655 strain).
Cinnabarinic acid (CAS 606-59-7) is a naturally occurring phenazine derivative produced by fungi. It has a molecular formula of C14H8N2O5 and a molecular weight of 284.22. The compound exhibits antimicrobial, anticancer, and immunomodulatory activities. It shows cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines and antimicrobial effects against Gram-positive bacteria. It is intended for research use only and is not approved for clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C14H8N2O6
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
300.22
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| Exact Mass |
300.038
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| CAS # |
606-59-7
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| PubChem CID |
114918
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| Appearance |
Brown to reddish brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.8±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
536.8±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
>300ºC
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| Flash Point |
278.4±30.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.780
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| LogP |
-0.13
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
22
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| Complexity |
675
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
FSBKJYLVDRVPTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C14H8N2O6/c15-10-6(17)4-8-12(9(10)14(20)21)16-11-5(13(18)19)2-1-3-7(11)22-8/h1-4H,15H2,(H,18,19)(H,20,21)
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| Chemical Name |
2-amino-3-oxophenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
0.1 M NaOH : 10 mg/mL (33.31 mM)
DMSO : 2.5 mg/mL (8.33 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 0.25 mg/mL (0.83 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 2.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 0.25 mg/mL (0.83 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 2.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.3309 mL | 16.6545 mL | 33.3089 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6662 mL | 3.3309 mL | 6.6618 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3331 mL | 1.6654 mL | 3.3309 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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