| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Lysosomes (lysosomotropic agent); fungal cell membranes (antifungal activity); also affects cholesterol metabolism. 1-Dodecylimidazole accumulates in lysosomes in a pH-dependent manner, leading to lysosomal membrane disruption and cell death. It exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity and hypocholesterolemic effects, though the precise molecular targets are not fully defined.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
It has been demonstrated that the acid-activated detergent N-dodecylimidazole, which has a pKa of 6.3, is cytotoxic to cultured cells. On EMT-6 and MGH U1 cells, N-docecylimidazole exhibited cytotoxicity that was dependent on extracellular pH (pHe). Cell death is 100 times more common at pH 6.0 than pH 7.0 and is dose-dependent [4].
In vitro, 1-Dodecylimidazole exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity. It causes cell death by acid-dependent accumulation in lysosomes, destroying the lysosomal membrane. The compound shows hypocholesterolemic activity in cellular models. It is used in the synthesis of surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, and antimicrobial agents. Its unique chemical properties make it useful in chemical, pharmaceutical, and material science applications. |
| ln Vivo |
The inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis at the level of 2,3-oxidosqualene sterol cyclase contributes to 1-dodecylimidazole's ability to decrease cholesterol [2]. 1. Rats given dodecylimidazole (150 mg/kg body weight; given daily for 10 days via gastric tube) had lower serum cholesterol concentrations than control rats [2].
In vivo activity data for 1-Dodecylimidazole are limited in the available literature. Its antifungal and hypocholesterolemic activities have been characterized primarily in vitro. Further studies in animal models would be needed to evaluate its potential therapeutic applications. The compound is primarily used as a research chemical and synthetic intermediate rather than as a therapeutic candidate. |
| Enzyme Assay |
Antifungal activity is evaluated using standard broth microdilution assays (CLSI or EUCAST guidelines) against various fungal strains (e.g., Candida species, Aspergillus species). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) are determined after 24-48 hours of incubation. Lysosomotropic activity is assessed by monitoring lysosomal accumulation using fluorescent dyes (e.g., LysoTracker) and measuring lysosomal membrane integrity.
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| Cell Assay |
Cells are cultured and treated with 1-Dodecylimidazole at varying concentrations. Lysosomal accumulation is assessed using LysoTracker staining followed by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry. Lysosomal membrane permeabilization is detected by release of cathepsins or acridine orange staining. Cell viability is assessed by MTT or CCK-8 assays. Antifungal activity is evaluated in fungal cell cultures using standard methods.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male rats[2]
Doses: 150 mg/kg body wt Route of Administration: By stomach tube; daily for 10 days Experimental Results: Had Dramatically lower serum cholesterol concentrations than untreated animals. Specific in vivo protocols for 1-Dodecylimidazole are not well-documented. Potential studies could include fungal infection models (e.g., candidiasis) to evaluate antifungal efficacy, or hypercholesterolemia models to assess hypocholesterolemic effects. The compound would be administered at doses determined from preliminary pharmacokinetic and tolerability studies. Further research is needed. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
1-Dodecylimidazole has molecular formula C15H28N2 and molecular weight 236.40 g/mol. It is a long-chain 1-alkylimidazole with CAS number 4303-67-7. It is also known as 1-dodecyl-1H-imidazole, 1-laurylimidazole, N-laurylimidazole, and NSC 307267. The compound is soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water. Its pharmacokinetic properties have not been extensively characterized.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No comprehensive toxicity data are specifically reported for 1-Dodecylimidazole. As a lysosomotropic detergent, it may cause cellular toxicity at higher concentrations due to lysosomal membrane disruption. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound. It is not intended for human or veterinary use. The compound is considered a cytotoxic agent with potential irritant properties.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
1-Dodecylimidazole (N-dodecylimidazole, 1-dodecyl-1H-imidazole) is a long-chain alkylimidazole used as a research chemical, synthetic intermediate, and antimicrobial agent. It exhibits lysosomotropic detergent properties leading to cell death, broad-spectrum antifungal activity, and hypocholesterolemic effects. The compound is used in surfactant, corrosion inhibitor, and antimicrobial research. It has not entered clinical trials or received FDA approval. Purity is typically >97%.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C15H28N2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
236.40
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| Exact Mass |
236.225
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| CAS # |
4303-67-7
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| PubChem CID |
78002
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| LogP |
4.804
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
11
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| Heavy Atom Count |
17
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| Complexity |
159
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
N1(C=NC=C1)CCCCCCCCCCCC
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| InChi Key |
JMTFLSQHQSFNTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H28N2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-13-17-14-12-16-15-17/h12,14-15H,2-11,13H2,1H3
|
| Chemical Name |
1-dodecylimidazole
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (423.01 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.58 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.58 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.58 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.2301 mL | 21.1506 mL | 42.3012 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8460 mL | 4.2301 mL | 8.4602 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4230 mL | 2.1151 mL | 4.2301 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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