| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Verrucosin does not have a well-defined single protein target. It is a natural product with pleiotropic effects. It is known to exhibit antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals. It may also modulate inflammatory pathways by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Its anticancer activity may involve the induction of apoptosis.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Verrucosin demonstrates concentration-dependent antioxidant activity. It reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro. It has been reported to possess moderate cytotoxicity against certain cancer cell lines. Its ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation and protect cells from oxidative damage is also noted.
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| ln Vivo |
Dedicated in vivo efficacy studies for verrucosin are not extensively documented in standard profiles. As a natural product from nutmeg, it is hypothesized to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in animal models, but detailed in vivo data are not widely available.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro antioxidant assays are used to characterize verrucosin. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay measures the compound's ability to donate hydrogen atoms. The ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) radical scavenging assay and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assay are also used.
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| Cell Assay |
Cancer cell lines (e.g., various carcinoma cells) are cultured and treated with verrucosin (typically 10-200 uM). Cell viability is assessed by MTT assay after 24-72 hours. Intracellular ROS levels can be measured using a fluorescent probe such as DCFH-DA. Markers of inflammation (e.g., IL-6, TNF-alpha) can be measured by ELISA in stimulated macrophages.
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| Animal Protocol |
Dedicated in vivo protocols for verrucosin are not well-documented. A standard protocol would involve a rodent model of inflammation (e.g., carrageenan-induced paw edema) or oxidative stress (e.g., CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity). The compound would be administered intraperitoneally, and inflammatory or oxidative stress markers would be measured in serum and tissues.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Detailed PK parameters for verrucosin are not extensively documented. As a natural lignan with a molecular weight of 344.4 g/mol, it is expected to have moderate oral bioavailability. Comprehensive ADME studies have not been publicly reported. It is typically used in in vitro studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for verrucosin are limited. As a constituent of the common spice nutmeg, which is consumed in small amounts by humans, it is considered to have low acute toxicity at normal dietary levels. The toxicity of the purified compound has not been formally evaluated.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Malabaricano is a lignan. It has been reported to exist in Myristica fragrans, Myristica malabarica, and Leucas, and relevant data are available.
Verrucosin is a natural product used as an analytical reference standard for the characterization of Myristica fragrans extracts. It is also used as a research tool to study the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of natural lignans. The compound is not an approved drug. |
| Molecular Formula |
C20H24O5
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
344.40156
|
| Exact Mass |
344.162
|
| CAS # |
83198-63-4
|
| PubChem CID |
13870570
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| LogP |
4.199
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
25
|
| Complexity |
392
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
GMXMKSFJQLFOSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C20H24O5/c1-11-12(2)20(14-6-8-16(22)18(10-14)24-4)25-19(11)13-5-7-15(21)17(9-13)23-3/h5-12,19-22H,1-4H3
|
| Chemical Name |
4-[5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dimethyloxolan-2-yl]-2-methoxyphenol
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~145.18 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (3.63 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (3.63 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (3.63 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9036 mL | 14.5180 mL | 29.0360 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5807 mL | 2.9036 mL | 5.8072 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2904 mL | 1.4518 mL | 2.9036 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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