| Size | Price | |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Veratric acid reduces upregulated COX-2 expression and levels of PGE2 and IL-6 after UVB irradiation. It acts as an antioxidant by scavenging free radicals.
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| ln Vitro |
In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, the expression of iNOS is inhibited by veratric acid (100, 200 μM). In RAW264.7 cells, veratric acid (200 μM) suppresses HAT activation, HDAC3 expression, and PI3K/Akt pathway activation produced by LPS [1]. Veratric acid (10-100 μg/mL) inhibits UVB-mediated apoptosis, boosts S-phase cells, shields HaCaT cells from UVB-mediated phototoxicity, and has anti-inflammatory properties [3]. After UVB irradiation, veratric acid can lower the amounts of PGE2 and IL-6 as well as the up-regulated expression of COX-2 [3].
In vitro, Veratric acid demonstrates antioxidant activity by scavenging reactive oxygen species and reducing oxidative stress markers. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by reducing COX-2 expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. |
| ln Vivo |
In rats with l-NAME-induced hypertension, veratric acid (40 mg/kg, po, bw) can markedly improve ventricular function, lower lipid peroxidation, and raise antioxidant levels [2].
In vivo, Veratric acid has been studied for its anti-inflammatory effects in models of UVB-induced skin inflammation. It reduces COX-2 expression and levels of PGE2 and IL-6. Its antioxidant properties may contribute to protective effects in various disease models. |
| Enzyme Assay |
COX-2 enzyme activity is measured using standard COX inhibition assays. Cells or tissues are treated with Veratric acid, and COX-2 expression and PGE2 production are measured by Western blotting and ELISA, respectively.
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| Cell Assay |
Keratinocytes or other cell types are cultured and exposed to UVB or inflammatory stimuli in the presence of Veratric acid. COX-2 expression, PGE2 levels, and IL-6 production are measured.
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| Animal Protocol |
UVB-induced skin inflammation models in rodents are used. Veratric acid is administered orally or topically, and skin inflammation, COX-2 expression, and cytokine levels are assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Veratric acid is orally active. Specific PK parameters are not extensively characterized. As a small phenolic acid, it is expected to be well absorbed and metabolized in the liver.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Veratric acid is generally considered safe and is a natural component of the human diet. No significant toxicity has been reported at pharmacological doses.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid is a benzoic acid compound with methoxy groups substituted at the 2 and 3 positions of benzoic acid. It is both a plant metabolite and an allergen. It is derived from the hydrogenation of benzoic acid. 3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid has been reported to be found in Goniothalamus amuyon, Spiraea formosana, and other organisms with relevant data.
Veratric acid is a research compound with no clinical trial or regulatory approval status. It is used in pharmacological and nutraceutical research for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. |
| Molecular Formula |
C9H10O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
182.1733
|
| Exact Mass |
182.057
|
| CAS # |
93-07-2
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| Related CAS # |
Veratric acid-d6;1162658-12-9
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| PubChem CID |
7121
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
302.9±22.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
179-182 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
120.9±15.8 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.533
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| LogP |
1.99
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
181
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
DAUAQNGYDSHRET-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H10O4/c1-12-7-4-3-6(9(10)11)5-8(7)13-2/h3-5H,1-2H3,(H,10,11)
|
| Chemical Name |
3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~548.94 mM)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (15.10 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 27.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (15.10 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 27.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.75 mg/mL (15.10 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.4894 mL | 27.4469 mL | 54.8938 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0979 mL | 5.4894 mL | 10.9788 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5489 mL | 2.7447 mL | 5.4894 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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