| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Targets |
The primary target of Tyrosinase (206-214) peptide is the tyrosinase enzyme itself, specifically the region corresponding to amino acids 206-214. Tyrosinase is a copper-containing oxidase that catalyzes the hydroxylation of tyrosine to DOPA and the oxidation of DOPA to dopaquinone. This peptide fragment may be used to study the enzyme's structure-function relationships, as an antigen for antibody generation, or as a T cell epitope in immunology research.
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| ln Vitro |
AFLPHRLF, or human tyrosinase(206–214), can be utilized to produce peptide vaccines for HLA-A24+ melanoma and melanoma-specific T lymphocytes for adoptive immunotherapy [1].
In vitro, Tyrosinase (206-214) peptide is used to study tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis in melanocyte cell lines such as B16-F10 or human melanocytes. The peptide may be used as a substrate analog or inhibitor in enzyme activity assays. In immunology, the peptide is used as a defined epitope to stimulate tyrosinase-specific T cells in vitro for studies of anti-melanoma immune responses. Activity is assessed by tyrosinase enzyme assays or T cell activation assays. |
| ln Vivo |
Tyrosinase (206-214) was delivered intranasally (45 µL; once weekly for three weeks) to HLA-A24 transgenic (A24Tg) mice. Tyrosinase (206-214) indicates increase of mouse CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes around bronchioles. All A24Tg immunized with tyrosinase (206-214) perished following lethal A/HK483 infection [2].
In vivo activity of Tyrosinase (206-214) peptide is primarily studied in the context of cancer immunology, specifically for melanoma immunotherapy. The peptide is used as a vaccine antigen to induce tyrosinase-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in animal models. In melanoma models, immunization with this peptide can induce antitumor immune responses targeting tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells. Detailed in vivo data for this specific peptide are available in immunology literature. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for Tyrosinase (206-214) peptide involve measuring tyrosinase enzymatic activity using L-tyrosine or L-DOPA as substrates. The peptide may be used as a substrate or inhibitor. Tyrosinase activity is measured spectrophotometrically by monitoring the formation of dopachrome at 475 nm. The peptide's effect on enzyme kinetics (Km, Vmax) is determined. For immunological studies, MHC binding assays assess the peptide's affinity for HLA-A2 or other MHC molecules.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Tyrosinase (206-214) peptide use melanocyte or melanoma cell lines. For melanogenesis studies, cells are treated with the peptide and melanin content is measured spectrophotometrically. Tyrosinase activity is assessed by DOPA oxidation assay. For immunological studies, T cell activation assays use peptide-pulsed antigen-presenting cells co-cultured with tyrosinase-specific T cells. T cell activation is measured by IFN-gamma ELISPOT, cytokine release, or cytotoxicity assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Tyrosinase (206-214) peptide typically use mouse melanoma models such as B16-F10. Mice are immunized with the peptide (often with adjuvant) via subcutaneous or intradermal injection. Tumor challenge is performed, and tumor growth, survival, and immune responses (CTL activity, cytokine production) are monitored. The peptide is used to study T cell-mediated antitumor immunity against tyrosinase-expressing melanoma cells.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Tyrosinase (206-214) peptide are characteristic of peptide antigens. As a small peptide (9 amino acids), it has rapid clearance from circulation, limited oral bioavailability, and susceptibility to proteolytic degradation. For vaccine applications, the peptide is typically administered with adjuvants to enhance immunogenicity. Detailed PK parameters would require experimental determination. The peptide is for research use only.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for Tyrosinase (206-214) peptide are limited as it is a research reagent. The peptide is generally considered to have low toxicity. In vaccine studies, local reactions at the injection site and mild systemic effects may occur. The peptide is for research use only and not for human therapeutic use without appropriate regulatory approvals. Standard laboratory safety precautions apply when handling synthetic peptides.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Tyrosinase (206-214) (human) is a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids 206-214 of human tyrosinase. It is used as a research tool in melanogenesis studies and cancer immunology. As a tyrosinase-derived epitope, it is recognized by HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes and is used in studies of anti-melanoma immune responses. The peptide is also used to study tyrosinase enzyme function and regulation. It is for research use only and not for human therapeutic or diagnostic use.
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| Molecular Formula |
C61H83N15O10
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1186.40623307228
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| Exact Mass |
1185.644
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| CAS # |
166188-11-0
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| PubChem CID |
9941717
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Index of Refraction |
1.665
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| LogP |
5.31
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
13
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
32
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| Heavy Atom Count |
86
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| Complexity |
2290
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
9
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| SMILES |
C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N2CCC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CNC4=CC=CC=C43)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC5=CN=CN5)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC6=CC=CC=C6)C(=O)O)N
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| InChi Key |
ZDTHINDBILABAB-WDGXTDPFSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C61H83N15O10/c1-35(2)26-45(54(79)75-50(60(85)86)29-39-18-10-7-11-19-39)71-53(78)44(22-14-24-66-61(63)64)69-57(82)48(31-41-33-65-34-68-41)72-56(81)47(30-40-32-67-43-21-13-12-20-42(40)43)73-58(83)51-23-15-25-76(51)59(84)49(27-36(3)4)74-55(80)46(70-52(77)37(5)62)28-38-16-8-6-9-17-38/h6-13,16-21,32-37,44-51,67H,14-15,22-31,62H2,1-5H3,(H,65,68)(H,69,82)(H,70,77)(H,71,78)(H,72,81)(H,73,83)(H,74,80)(H,75,79)(H,85,86)(H4,63,64,66)/t37-,44-,45-,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-,51-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~105.36 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (1.75 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (1.75 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (1.75 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.8429 mL | 4.2144 mL | 8.4288 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1686 mL | 0.8429 mL | 1.6858 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0843 mL | 0.4214 mL | 0.8429 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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