| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Tylosin phosphate targets bacterial protein synthesis through binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria. As a macrolide antibiotic, tylosin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by blocking the peptide exit tunnel and preventing the elongation of the growing polypeptide chain. Tylosin phosphate is effective primarily against gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasma organisms, and some spirochetes and gram-negative bacteria (except coliforms). The compound is used in veterinary medicine to control chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in replacement pullets and other bacterial infections. The phosphate salt form improves water solubility for formulation purposes.
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| ln Vitro |
Tylosin phosphate binds to the 23S rRNA of the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome to initiate its antibacterial action [1]. Additionally, tylosin phosphate inhibits the growth of Gram-negative strains of bacteria against E. Coli, Pasteurella multocida 4407, and Mycobacterium haemolyticus 11935. bacteria ATCC 25922 and E. coli AS19rlmAI, in that order [3].
Tylosin phosphate demonstrates in vitro antibacterial activity against susceptible organisms. The compound is effective against gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasma organisms, and some spirochetes and gram-negative bacteria (except coliforms). Its activity is typically assessed by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against various bacterial strains using broth microdilution or agar dilution methods. Tylosin phosphate's antibacterial activity is concentration-dependent, with effects observed at appropriate concentrations. The compound is primarily used in veterinary medicine. Comprehensive in vitro activity data are available from veterinary microbiology research. |
| ln Vivo |
In rats treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tylosin phosphate (10–500 mg/kg; subcutaneous injection) typically decreases increased TNF-α and IL-1β levels and raises IL-10 levels [4].
In vivo, Tylosin phosphate has demonstrated efficacy in treating bacterial infections in veterinary species. The compound is used in veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections in a wide range of species. It is employed against mycoplasma organisms and is effective in controlling chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in replacement pullets. Tylosin phosphate is administered orally or via injection depending on the species and indication. The compound's water solubility, enhanced by the phosphate salt form, facilitates formulation and administration. Comprehensive in vivo efficacy data are available from veterinary research. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for Tylosin phosphate involve measuring antibacterial activity against susceptible organisms. Broth microdilution or agar dilution methods are used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against various bacterial strains. The compound is serially diluted in appropriate growth medium, and bacterial cultures are added. Following incubation, the MIC is determined as the lowest concentration that inhibits visible bacterial growth. The compound's structure and purity can be characterized using analytical methods. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry are used to verify the molecular weight (1014.10 g/mol) and chemical composition. Purity is confirmed by HPLC analysis. Each concentration is typically tested in duplicate or triplicate with appropriate positive controls (known antibiotics) and vehicle controls.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays are not applicable for Tylosin phosphate, as the compound is an antibacterial agent that targets bacterial protein synthesis rather than mammalian cells. The compound is used in veterinary medicine and is not typically evaluated in mammalian cell-based assays for pharmacological activity. Its primary use is in antibacterial susceptibility testing against bacterial pathogens. If cellular assays were to be performed, appropriate cell lines could be used to assess cytotoxicity, but such studies are not typically conducted for veterinary antibiotics. The compound is intended for research use as an antibacterial agent.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: balb/c (Bagg ALBino) mouse (2-3 months old, 20-25 g) [4]
Doses: 10 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg Route of Administration: subcutaneous injection Experimental Results: diminished increase In mice treated with TNF-α LPS (250 µg), IL-1β and IL-1β levels were elevated, but IL-10 levels were increased. In vivo animal studies for Tylosin phosphate are conducted in veterinary species including poultry, swine, and cattle. The compound is administered via oral (feed or water) or injectable routes at various doses. Efficacy is assessed by monitoring clinical signs, bacterial clearance, and survival in infected animals. Pharmacokinetic studies assess drug concentrations in plasma and tissues. Animals are monitored for clinical signs and body weight. The compound is used to treat bacterial infections in a wide range of species and to control chronic respiratory disease in replacement pullets. Comprehensive in vivo efficacy data are available from veterinary research. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Tylosin phosphate have been characterized in veterinary species. The compound has a molecular weight of 1014.10 g/mol. Tylosin phosphate is a water-soluble phosphate salt of tylosin, enhancing its solubility for formulation. Following oral or parenteral administration, tylosin is absorbed and distributed to various tissues. The compound is metabolized in the liver and eliminated primarily through biliary excretion. Comprehensive pharmacokinetic parameters including half-life, volume of distribution, clearance, and bioavailability have been characterized in veterinary species. The compound's water solubility facilitates its use in feed and water formulations.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Tylosin phosphate has been evaluated for safety in veterinary species. As a macrolide antibiotic, the compound is generally well-tolerated at therapeutic doses. Adverse effects may include gastrointestinal disturbances and injection site reactions. Standard toxicology studies in veterinary species have evaluated the compound's safety profile. Parameters assessed include clinical observations, body weight, food consumption, hematology, clinical chemistry, organ weights, and histopathology. The compound is used in veterinary medicine and has been approved for veterinary use in many regions. Tylosin phosphate is not approved for human use and is strictly intended for veterinary and research purposes.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
See also: Tylosin (containing active ingredient); Monensin; Tylosin phosphate (one of the ingredients); Diquinic acid; Monensin USP; Tylosin phosphate (one of the ingredients)... See more...
Tylosin phosphate is a macrolide antibiotic used in veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections. It is a derivative of tylosin produced by Streptomyces fradiae. Tylosin phosphate is effective against gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasma organisms, and some spirochetes and gram-negative bacteria. The compound has a molecular weight of 1014.10 g/mol. Tylosin phosphate is used to control chronic respiratory disease in replacement pullets and other bacterial infections. The compound has been approved for veterinary use in many regions. It is available from research chemical suppliers for non-clinical research purposes. |
| Molecular Formula |
C46H77NO17.H3PO4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1014.1
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| Exact Mass |
1013.496
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| CAS # |
1405-53-4
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| Related CAS # |
Tylosin tartrate;74610-55-2;Tylosin;1401-69-0
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| PubChem CID |
6440844
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
980.7ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
546.9ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
0mmHg at 25°C
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| LogP |
0.904
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
22
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
13
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| Heavy Atom Count |
69
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| Complexity |
1610
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
21
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| SMILES |
CC[C@@H]1[C@H](/C=C(/C=C/C(=O)[C@@H](C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CC(=O)O1)O)C)O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)C)O[C@H]3C[C@@]([C@H]([C@@H](O3)C)O)(C)O)N(C)C)O)CC=O)C)\C)CO[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)C)O)OC)OC.OP(=O)(O)O
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| InChi Key |
NBOODGNJLRRJNA-IAGPQMRQSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C46H77NO17.H3O4P/c1-13-33-30(22-58-45-42(57-12)41(56-11)37(52)26(5)60-45)18-23(2)14-15-31(49)24(3)19-29(16-17-48)39(25(4)32(50)20-34(51)62-33)64-44-38(53)36(47(9)10)40(27(6)61-44)63-35-21-46(8,55)43(54)28(7)59-35;1-5(2,3)4/h14-15,17-18,24-30,32-33,35-45,50,52-55H,13,16,19-22H2,1-12H3;(H3,1,2,3,4)/b15-14+,23-18+;/t24-,25+,26-,27-,28+,29+,30-,32-,33-,35+,36-,37-,38-,39-,40-,41-,42-,43+,44+,45-,46-;/m1./s1
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| Chemical Name |
2-[(4R,5S,6S,7R,9R,11E,13E,15R,16R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-16-ethyl-4-hydroxy-15-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-5,9,13-trimethyl-2,10-dioxo-1-oxacyclohexadeca-11,13-dien-7-yl]acetaldehyde;phosphoric acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~98.61 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.47 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.47 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.47 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.9861 mL | 4.9305 mL | 9.8610 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1972 mL | 0.9861 mL | 1.9722 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0986 mL | 0.4930 mL | 0.9861 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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