| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Tuaminoheptane acts as an α-adrenergic agonist. Its primary mechanism of action is as a reuptake inhibitor and releasing agent of norepinephrine. By increasing the concentration of norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft, it stimulates α-adrenergic receptors on the vascular smooth muscle of the nasal mucosa, causing vasoconstriction. This local vasoconstriction reduces blood flow to the swollen nasal tissues, thereby relieving nasal congestion. The compound does not have significant activity at β-adrenergic receptors or other central nervous system targets, which contributes to its relatively selective peripheral effect.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies have shown that tuaminoheptane acts as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and releasing agent. In cell-based assays using neuronal or adrenergic cell lines, the compound effectively inhibits the uptake of radiolabeled norepinephrine, leading to an accumulation of the neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft. Additionally, it promotes the release of norepinephrine from presynaptic vesicles. This dual mechanism amplifies the signal at the postsynaptic α-adrenergic receptor, leading to potent vasoconstriction. Its activity is concentration-dependent, and it is less potent than some other sympathomimetic amines but sufficient for its intended use as a topical nasal decongestant.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies in animal models have demonstrated tuaminoheptane's efficacy as a topical vasoconstrictor. When applied to the nasal mucosa of animal models, it produces a rapid and sustained reduction in nasal airway resistance. This effect is directly related to its ability to activate α-adrenergic receptors, leading to constriction of the arterioles in the nasal submucosa. The compound's duration of action is relatively short, which is typical for decongestants used for symptomatic relief. Systemic effects are minimal when administered topically, as the drug acts locally.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme or receptor binding assays for tuaminoheptane typically involve radioligand binding studies to determine its affinity for adrenergic receptors. Membranes prepared from cells expressing human α1- or α2-adrenergic receptors are incubated with a radiolabeled antagonist, such as [³H]prazosin, in the presence of varying concentrations of tuaminoheptane. The amount of bound radioactivity is measured using a scintillation counter to calculate the concentration of tuaminoheptane required to displace 50% of the specific binding (IC50). This assay provides a quantitative measure of the compound's affinity for the receptor, confirming its activity as an α-adrenergic agonist.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for tuaminoheptane focus on its norepinephrine reuptake inhibition and releasing properties. Neuronal cell lines, such as PC12 or SK-N-SH, are cultured and preloaded with [³H]norepinephrine. The cells are then incubated with the test compound, and the amount of radioactivity released into the medium is measured to assess the compound's ability to trigger neurotransmitter release. In parallel, the cells are incubated with the compound in the presence of [³H]norepinephrine to measure its ability to block the reuptake of the neurotransmitter. These assays quantify the EC50 and IC50 values for release and uptake inhibition, respectively.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for tuaminoheptane are typically conducted using rodent models to assess its topical decongestant efficacy. The compound is administered intranasally, and the change in nasal airflow resistance is measured using a plethysmograph. A standard model involves sensitizing the nasal mucosa with a histamine challenge to induce swelling and congestion. Following the administration of tuaminoheptane, the reduction in airway resistance is recorded over time to determine the onset and duration of the decongestant effect. This model is used to evaluate the potency and efficacy of the compound.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of tuaminoheptane are characterized by its rapid onset of action and relatively short duration when applied topically. As a small, lipophilic amine with a logP of 2.40, it is well-absorbed through the nasal mucosa but is designed to act locally. Systemic absorption is limited, and the drug is rapidly metabolized, primarily in the liver, to inactive metabolites that are excreted renally. The compound is a clear, colorless to yellow liquid with a boiling point of 142-144°C and is slightly soluble in water but freely soluble in alcohol, ether, and chloroform.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicology (toxicology) data for tuaminoheptane indicate that it is generally safe for its intended use as a topical nasal decongestant. However, as a sympathomimetic amine, it can cause local side effects such as nasal dryness, stinging, and rebound congestion (rhinitis medicamentosa) with prolonged use. Systemic side effects are rare but can include increased blood pressure, palpitations, and central nervous system stimulation if significant absorption occurs. The compound should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, hypertension, or hyperthyroidism.
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| Additional Infomation |
Figure 1 shows that aminoheptane is an alkylamine.
Other information: Tuaminoheptane is indicated for the symptomatic relief of nasal congestion. It is found in over-the-counter nasal decongestant products. The compound is also known by synonyms such as Heptamine and 2-Heptylamine. Its IUPAC name is heptan-2-amine. The racemic mixture is the form most commonly used in pharmaceutical applications. |
| Molecular Formula |
C7H17N
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
115.22
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| Exact Mass |
115.136
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| CAS # |
123-82-0
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| Related CAS # |
3595-14-0 (sulfate);6159-35-9 (hydrochloride);6411-75-2 (sulfate (2:1))
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| PubChem CID |
5603
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
0.768
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| Boiling Point |
142-144ºC
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| Flash Point |
54ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
4.86mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.4175-1.4195
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| LogP |
2.614
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
8
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| Complexity |
43.7
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC(N)CCCCC
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| InChi Key |
VSRBKQFNFZQRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C7H17N/c1-3-4-5-6-7(2)8/h7H,3-6,8H2,1-2H3
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| Chemical Name |
heptan-2-amine
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| Synonyms |
NSC-1091; NSC 1091; Tuaminoheptane
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (~867.90 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.6790 mL | 43.3952 mL | 86.7905 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.7358 mL | 8.6790 mL | 17.3581 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8679 mL | 4.3395 mL | 8.6790 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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