| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
|
||
| 5mg |
|
||
| 10mg | |||
| 25mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit (antibacterial activity) and CYP3A (enzyme inhibition). Troleandomycin binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis. It is also a selective CYP3A inhibitor.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
The 6β-structuring of testosterone, the 25- and 26-unionization of 5β-cholestane-3α, 7α, and 12α-triol, and the 23R-, 24R-, and 24S of 5β-cholestane-3α, 7α are all markedly inhibited by troleandomycin. microsomes include 12- and 27-recombinant, recombinant CYP3A4 as well as 12α, 25-tetraol; nevertheless, microsomes' IC50 value is marginally greater than recombinant CYP3A4's [1].
In vitro, Troleandomycin binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis and preventing bacterial growth. The compound inhibits cytochrome P450 with an IC₅₀ of 0-5 µM, blocking CYP450-dependent drug oxidation. It is a selective CYP3A inhibitor and is used as a research tool for studying drug-drug interactions. Troleandomycin is an oral corticosteroid-sparing agent in asthma research. |
| ln Vivo |
In both mouse and human liver cancer, troleandomycin mimic substantially reduces microsomal side chain anchoring [2].
In vivo, Troleandomycin is used for the treatment of pneumococcal pneumonia and group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infections of the upper respiratory tract. It is also used in asthma research as an oral corticosteroid-sparing agent. The compound's CYP3A inhibitory activity can affect the metabolism of co-administered drugs. Troleandomycin induces memory impairment and long-term cholestasis in some cases. |
| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell enzyme assays are performed using recombinant CYP3A enzymes or human liver microsomes. CYP3A activity is measured by the metabolism of a fluorogenic or chromogenic substrate (e.g., dibenzylfluorescein, testosterone) in the presence of varying concentrations of Troleandomycin (0.001-100 μM). IC₅₀ values are calculated from dose-response curves. The mechanism of inhibition (competitive, non-competitive, or irreversible) is determined by kinetic analysis.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cellular antibacterial assays are performed using standard broth microdilution methods according to CLSI guidelines. Bacterial cultures are grown to mid-log phase and diluted to ~5×10⁵ CFU/mL. Two-fold serial dilutions of Troleandomycin are prepared in 96-well plates. Bacteria are added and incubated at 37°C for 18-24 hours. The MIC is determined as the lowest concentration with no visible growth. CYP3A inhibition is assessed in hepatocytes or liver microsomes using probe substrates.
|
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: SD female rat[1].
Doses: 500 mg/kg. Doses: Single oral dose. Experimental Results: The Cmax and AUC0-6 of simvastatin were Dramatically increased by 9.5 times and 10.2 times respectively. In vivo animal studies are conducted in rodent models of bacterial infection or asthma. Troleandomycin is administered orally at doses determined from pharmacokinetic studies. Efficacy endpoints include bacterial load (CFU/g tissue), survival, and clinical cure rates. In asthma models, the compound's corticosteroid-sparing effect is evaluated. CYP3A inhibition is assessed by measuring the pharmacokinetics of co-administered probe substrates. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
Troleandomycin's known human metabolites include [(3R,5S,6S,7R,8S,9R,12R,13S,14S,15R)-8-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-5-acetoxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxacyclohexane-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-3-acetoxy-6-methyl-4-(methylamino)oxacyclohexane-2-yl]oxy-5,7,9,12,13,15-hexamethyl-10,16-dioxo-1,11-dioxaspiro[2,13]hexadecane-14-yl]acetate. Troleandomycin is orally active with good bioavailability. The compound has a molecular weight of 813.99 and a molecular formula appropriate for a macrolide antibiotic. It is metabolized in the liver, primarily by CYP3A, and its inhibitory effect on CYP3A can lead to drug-drug interactions. The elimination half-life is approximately 8-12 hours. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Adverse effects of Troleandomycin include gastrointestinal disturbances, hepatotoxicity (cholestatic hepatitis), and potential drug-drug interactions due to CYP3A inhibition. The compound can induce long-term cholestasis and memory impairment. It is contraindicated in patients with pre-existing liver disease and in those taking medications metabolized by CYP3A.
|
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
Triamcinolone is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic, derived by acetylation of the three free hydroxyl groups of oroxymycin. Triamcinolone is only present in individuals who have taken the drug. It is an EC 1.14.13.97 (taurine chenodeoxycholic acid 6α-hydroxylase) inhibitor and xenobiotic. It is a macrolide antibiotic, polyketide compound, monosaccharide derivative, epoxide, acetate, and semi-synthetic derivative. It is functionally related to oroxymycin. A macrolide antibiotic similar to erythromycin. A macrolide antibiotic similar to erythromycin. Drug Indications Used for the treatment of bacterial infections. Mechanism of Action As a macrolide antibiotic, triamcinolone binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome. This binding inhibits the translocation of tRNA at ribosomal sites A, P, and E. Because tRNA cannot move between sites, amino acids cannot be deposited onto the polypeptide chain, leading to protein synthesis failure. Because the necessary proteins cannot be produced, bacterial cell growth and replication are inhibited.
Pharmacodynamics Like other macrolide antibiotics, traromycin inhibits bacterial growth by suppressing bacterial protein synthesis. Troleandomycin (Triacetyloleandomycin) is a macrolide antibiotic and a selective CYP3A inhibitor. It is used for the treatment of pneumococcal pneumonia and streptococcal infections. The compound is also used in asthma research as an oral corticosteroid-sparing agent. Its CYP3A inhibitory activity makes it a valuable research tool for studying drug-drug interactions. Troleandomycin is available as a prescription medication in some countries. |
| Molecular Formula |
C41H67NO15
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
813.968380000001
|
| Exact Mass |
813.451
|
| CAS # |
2751-09-9
|
| PubChem CID |
202225
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.19g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
812.5ºC at 760mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
170 °C (lit.)
|
| Flash Point |
445.2ºC
|
| Vapour Pressure |
1.82E-26mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.515
|
| LogP |
3.62
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
16
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
12
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
57
|
| Complexity |
1430
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
18
|
| SMILES |
C[C@@H]1C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@H]2[C@H](C[C@@]3(CO3)C(=O)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]2C)O[C@H]4C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O4)C)OC(=O)C)OC)C)C)C)OC(=O)C)C)C)OC(=O)C)N(C)C
|
| InChi Key |
LQCLVBQBTUVCEQ-QTFUVMRISA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C41H67NO15/c1-19-17-41(18-49-41)38(46)23(5)34(53-27(9)43)21(3)25(7)52-39(47)24(6)35(56-32-16-31(48-14)36(26(8)51-32)54-28(10)44)22(4)33(19)57-40-37(55-29(11)45)30(42(12)13)15-20(2)50-40/h19-26,30-37,40H,15-18H2,1-14H3/t19-,20+,21-,22+,23+,24+,25+,26-,30-,31-,32-,33-,34-,35-,36-,37+,40-,41+/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
[(3R,5S,6S,7R,8S,9R,12R,13S,14S,15R)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-3-acetyloxy-4-(dimethylamino)-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-8-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-5-acetyloxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7,9,12,13,15-hexamethyl-10,16-dioxo-1,11-dioxaspiro[2.13]hexadecan-14-yl] acetate
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~83.33 mg/mL (~102.37 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (2.56 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (2.56 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.2285 mL | 6.1427 mL | 12.2855 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2457 mL | 1.2285 mL | 2.4571 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1229 mL | 0.6143 mL | 1.2285 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
COA