| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
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| Targets |
trans-Clovamide does not have a single specific molecular target but exerts its effects through multiple mechanisms. It is a potent antioxidant that scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxygen radicals. It has shown neuroprotective effects (EC50s = 0.9-3.7 µM) in several in vitro models of neuronal death. It is a substrate for cocoa polyphenol oxidase and inhibits the growth of Phytophthora species. It also inhibits pectinases and proteases.
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| ln Vitro |
In three in vitro models of neuronal death—oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and OGD/reoxygenation—clovamide shielded neurons from harm. With an EC50 value of 3.6 µM, Clovamide (10-100 µM) effectively prevents cell death in human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). Additionally, PPARγ expression is markedly increased by clonamide [2]. Clovamide is a substrate for cocoa polyphenol oxidase, contributes to enzymatic browning, and inhibits the growth of three diseases belonging to the genus Phytophthora cocoa. In vitro, clovamide inhibits pectinases and proteases [3].
In vitro, trans-Clovamide protects neurons from harm in three in vitro models of neuronal death: oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and OGD/reoxygenation. With an EC50 value of 3.6 µM, Clovamide (10-100 µM) effectively prevents cell death in human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). Additionally, PPARγ expression is markedly increased by Clovamide. Clovamide is a substrate for cocoa polyphenol oxidase, contributes to enzymatic browning, and inhibits the growth of three diseases belonging to the genus Phytophthora cocoa. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, trans-Clovamide has been studied for its potential therapeutic applications. As a natural compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, it may have beneficial effects in various disease models. Its antimicrobial activity against human pathogens suggests potential for treating infections. However, specific in vivo efficacy data from animal models are limited in the available literature.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme or receptor binding (non-cell) assays for trans-Clovamide are not typically performed, as it does not have a single specific target. Its antioxidant activity can be assessed using cell-free assays such as DPPH radical scavenging or ABTS radical scavenging assays. Its ability to inhibit ROS and oxygen radicals can be measured using fluorescence-based assays. Neuroprotective activity is assessed in cell-based models of neuronal death.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for trans-Clovamide are performed using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). Cells are treated with Clovamide at concentrations ranging from 10-100 µM, and cell death is measured in models of oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and OGD/reoxygenation. The EC50 for neuroprotection is determined. PPARγ expression is measured to assess the compound's effects on gene expression.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for trans-Clovamide are limited in the available literature. As a natural product, it may be studied in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, or infection. The compound's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties suggest potential for study in models of oxidative stress-related conditions. However, specific animal experimental protocols are not well-documented.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of trans-Clovamide have not been extensively characterized. The compound has a molecular weight of 359.33 and a molecular formula of C18H17NO7. It appears as an off-white to light yellow solid powder. It has a LogP of 0.84 and a density of 1.5±0.1 g/cm3. The boiling point is 777.0±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg. The compound is typically stored under appropriate conditions for research use.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicology (toxicology) data for trans-Clovamide are limited. As a natural phenolic compound found in cocoa and red clover, it is generally considered safe at moderate doses. Its antioxidant properties may provide protective effects. However, its safety profile in the context of therapeutic use requires further evaluation. The compound is for research use only.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Trans-chloramide is a tyrosine derivative. It has been reported to be found in red clover, cocoa, and ebony, and data are available. See also: Red clover flowers (partial); cis-chloramide (note moved to).
Other information: trans-Clovamide is a naturally occurring caffeoyl conjugate identified in the antioxidant polyphenolic fraction of cocoa. It is also known as N-trans-Caffeoyl-L-dopa. The compound has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial properties. Its CAS number is 53755-02-5. |
| Molecular Formula |
C18H17NO7
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
359.33
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| Exact Mass |
359.1
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| CAS # |
53755-02-5
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| PubChem CID |
6506968
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
777.0±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
423.7±32.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.723
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| LogP |
0.84
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
26
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| Complexity |
524
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C1=CC(=C(C=C1C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)/C=C/C2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
GPZFXSWMDFBRGS-UXONFWTHSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C18H17NO7/c20-13-4-1-10(8-15(13)22)3-6-17(24)19-12(18(25)26)7-11-2-5-14(21)16(23)9-11/h1-6,8-9,12,20-23H,7H2,(H,19,24)(H,25,26)/b6-3+/t12-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-[[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]amino]propanoic acid
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| Synonyms |
N-trans-Caffeoy-L-dopa; trans-Clovamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~347.87 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.79 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.79 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.79 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.7830 mL | 13.9148 mL | 27.8296 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5566 mL | 2.7830 mL | 5.5659 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2783 mL | 1.3915 mL | 2.7830 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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