The neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y), non-small lung cancer cell line (A549), and tomatine suspension cell line (AGS) had IC50 values of 2 μM, 1.6 μM, and 1.1 μM, respectively [1].

Interactions
Tomatine reduced the growth-enhancing effect of indole-3-acetic acid by 10⁻⁴ moles.

[1]. Neurotoxicity of the steroidal alkaloids tomatine and tomatidine is RIP1 kinase- and caspase-independent and involves the eIF2α branch of the endoplasmic reticulum. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2017 Jul;171:178-186.

Tomatine is a steroidal alkaloid, a derivative of tomatine, with its 3-hydroxyl group linked to a tetrasaccharide of tomato. Tomatine is a tetrasaccharide composed of two D-glucose units, one D-xylose unit, and one D-galactose unit. Tomatine can be used as an immune adjuvant, phytotoxicant, and antifungal agent. It is a steroidal alkaloid, a tetrasaccharide derivative, an alkaloid antibiotic, a glycoside, and a glycosidic alkaloid. Its function is related to tomatine. Tomatine has been reported in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), nightshade plants, and other organisms with relevant data. Tomatine is an alkaloid found in extracts from wild tomato leaves. Studies have found that it can inhibit the growth of various fungi and bacteria. It can be used as a precipitant for steroidal compounds. (Excerpt from Merck Index, 11th edition)

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Mechanism of Action
We tested the cardiotonic activity of six glycosidic alkaloids and one glycosidone, and compared them with K-tropin using isolated frog hearts. The order of potency in descending order is as follows: K-tropin > tomatine > α-carboxine > α-solanine > α-solanine > demicin > styracin > β-carboxine > solanine. Cardiotonic activity is directly related to the number of sugars in the glycosidic alkaloid molecules, which share common glycosidic aglycones. Removing one or more sugar residues from the α-tomatine molecule significantly reduces its antifungal activity. Although partial hydrolysis of α-tomatine has little effect on its surfactant properties, it does disrupt the alkaloid's ability to form complexes with cholesterol.

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Therapeutic Uses
Antifungal agent; anti-infective agent; indicator and reagent
Experimental Uses: Intramuscular injection of 1-10 mg/kg or oral administration of 15-30 mg/kg tomatine in intact rats dose-dependently inhibits carrageenan-induced paw edema. The inhibitory effect of the intramuscular dose of 10 mg/kg lasts for 24 hours. Administration of 5-10 mg/kg tomatine daily for 7 consecutive days to intact rats dose-dependently inhibited granulation tissue formation induced by subcutaneous implantation of carrageenan-impregnated cotton balls.

C50H83NO21

1034.2

1033.545

17406-45-0

28523

White to off-white solid powder

1.5±0.1 g/cm3

300-305ºC

1.638

2.22

13

22

11

72

1840

31

C[C@H]1CC[C@]2([C@H]([C@H]3[C@@H](O2)C[C@@H]4[C@@]3(CC[C@H]5[C@H]4CC[C@@H]6[C@@]5(CC[C@@H](C6)O[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@H](O7)CO)O[C@H]8[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O8)CO)O)O[C@H]9[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO9)O)O)O)O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)C)NC1

REJLGAUYTKNVJM-SGXCCWNXSA-N

InChI=1S/C50H83NO21/c1-20-7-12-50(51-15-20)21(2)32-28(72-50)14-26-24-6-5-22-13-23(8-10-48(22,3)25(24)9-11-49(26,32)4)65-45-40(63)37(60)41(31(18-54)68-45)69-47-43(71-46-39(62)36(59)34(57)29(16-52)66-46)42(35(58)30(17-53)67-47)70-44-38(61)33(56)27(55)19-64-44/h20-47,51-63H,5-19H2,1-4H3/t20-,21-,22-,23-,24+,25-,26-,27+,28-,29+,30+,31+,32-,33-,34+,35+,36-,37+,38+,39+,40+,41-,42-,43+,44-,45+,46-,47-,48-,49-,50-/m0/s1

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1R,2S,4S,5'S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13S,16S,18S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-piperidine]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol

NSC 234440; Lycopersicin; Tomatine

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~96.69 mM)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (2.01 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (2.01 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (2.01 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

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 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)