| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Thiamphenicol targets the 50S ribosomal subunit in bacteria. It binds to the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits peptidyl transferase activity, leading to inhibition of protein synthesis. This results in a bacteriostatic effect against Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and anaerobic bacteria. It is a methyl-sulfonyl analogue of chloramphenicol.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Thiamphenicol was effective against β-lactamase-positive and Negative Haemophilus influenzae and demonstrated significant postantibiotic effects (PAE) (0.33 to 2.9 hours) against all pathogens studied (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli). The staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli MICs were 32 mg/L, streptococcus pneumoniae was 2 mg/L, and hemophilus influenzae was 0.25 mg/L for the species under analysis. Thiamphenicol exhibits good in vitro action against multidrug-resistant bacteria that are challenging to treat [1].
In vitro, thiamphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic effective against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Its activity is assessed using standard susceptibility testing methods to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). It acts by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibiting protein synthesis. |
| ln Vivo |
The pharmacokinetics of thiamphenicol (30 mg/kg) following single intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) dosing were examined in Mulard ducks. After intravenous administration, the average residence time of thiamphenicol is 2.83 hours, the overall half-life is 1.96 hours, and the clearance rate is 0.04L/hr/kg. Pharmacokinetics following PO administration are essentially comparable to IV administration. Thiamphenicol is readily absorbed and its bioavailability surpasses 70% [2].
In vivo, thiamphenicol is used in veterinary medicine and in human cases of respiratory and genitourinary infections. It is used to treat chancroid in men and uncomplicated gonorrhea. It is also used to treat chicken intestinal infections caused by E. coli. Its broad-spectrum activity makes it a valuable antibiotic. |
| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro antibacterial activity of thiamphenicol is assessed using standard susceptibility testing methods, such as broth dilution or disk diffusion assays. These assays measure the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against various bacterial strains. Its binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit can be studied using cell-free translation systems.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for thiamphenicol are not typically conducted, as it is an antibiotic that targets bacteria. Its activity is assessed in bacterial cultures. However, its effects on mammalian cells can be studied to evaluate potential toxicity.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for thiamphenicol have been conducted in various animal species to evaluate its efficacy and safety. These studies typically involve administering the compound to animals with induced or naturally occurring infections and measuring clinical outcomes and bacterial clearance.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Thiamphenicol is administered orally or by injection. It is well-absorbed and distributed throughout the body. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted in urine. Its pharmacokinetic properties support its use as an antibiotic.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Thiamphenicol has a well-established safety profile but is associated with adverse effects. Unlike chloramphenicol, it does not cause aplastic anemia. Common adverse effects include gastrointestinal disturbances and, rarely, bone marrow suppression. Its safety profile is better than that of chloramphenicol.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Thiophenemycin is a sulfone monocarboxylic acid amide. It has immunosuppressive and antibacterial effects. Chloramphenicol is a mesylate analogue. It is an antibiotic and immunosuppressant.
Thiamphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the amphenicol class. It is a synthetic derivative of chloramphenicol. It targets the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits protein synthesis. It is used in veterinary medicine and in human cases of respiratory and genitourinary infections. It is available as a prescription medication. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H15CL2NO5S
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
356.2222
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| Exact Mass |
355.004
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| CAS # |
15318-45-3
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| Related CAS # |
Thiamphenicol-d3;2211914-19-9;Thiamphenicol-d3-1;1217723-41-5
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| PubChem CID |
27200
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
695.9±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
163-166ºC
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| Flash Point |
374.7±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.583
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| LogP |
-0.27
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
21
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| Complexity |
443
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
|
| SMILES |
CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)[C@H]([C@@H](CO)NC(=O)C(Cl)Cl)O
|
| InChi Key |
OTVAEFIXJLOWRX-NXEZZACHSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H15Cl2NO5S/c1-21(19,20)8-4-2-7(3-5-8)10(17)9(6-16)15-12(18)11(13)14/h2-5,9-11,16-17H,6H2,1H3,(H,15,18)/t9-,10-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
2,2-dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-1,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)propan-2-yl]acetamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~280.73 mM)
H2O : ~2 mg/mL (~5.61 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.02 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.02 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.02 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8073 mL | 14.0363 mL | 28.0725 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5615 mL | 2.8073 mL | 5.6145 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2807 mL | 1.4036 mL | 2.8073 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT00958503 | Completed | Drug: Thiamphenicol Drug: Placebo |
Healthy | Psyadon Pharma | 2007-07 | Phase 1 |
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