| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Thiamine disulfide targets HIV-1 transactivator (Tat). It significantly depresses HIV-1 Tat activity, which is essential for viral replication. By inhibiting Tat, Thiamine disulfide blocks HIV-1 gene expression and viral production. The compound's mechanism of action involves modulation of cellular redox and metabolic processes.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
At non-toxic concentrations of 500-1000 μM, thiamine disulfide strongly suppresses the formation of offspring HIV-1 in both acute and chronic HIV-1-infected CEM. After 96 hours of culture in acute HIV-1 (LAV-1) infection, thiamine disulfide (500 μM) prevented 99.7% of HIV-1 synthesis, while in chronically infected cells (CEM/ LAV-1, H9/MN, and Molt-4/IIIB)[1].
In vitro, Thiamine disulfide is a potent HIV-1 inhibitor. At non-toxic concentrations of 500-1000 µM, it strongly suppresses the formation of offspring HIV-1 in both acute and chronic HIV-1-infected CEM cells. Thiamine disulfide (500 µM) blocks 99.7% of HIV-1 production after 96 hours culture in acute HIV-1 (LAV-1) infection. It inhibits 90-98% of HIV-1 production in chronic-infected cells (CEM/LAV-1, H9/MN, and Molt-4/IIIB). The compound's in vitro activity is well-characterized and forms the basis for its use in HIV research. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Thiamine disulfide has been evaluated in HIV-1 infection models. The compound inhibits HIV-1 replication at non-toxic concentrations. In vivo efficacy has been studied in animal models of HIV infection.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free assays for Thiamine disulfide are performed using cell extracts or purified Tat protein. Tat-mediated transactivation of HIV-1 LTR-driven reporter gene expression is measured in the presence of varying Thiamine disulfide concentrations. These cell-free assays are essential for characterizing the potency of Thiamine disulfide as a Tat inhibitor.
|
| Cell Assay |
In cellular assays, HIV-1-infected CEM cells (acute and chronic infection) are treated with Thiamine disulfide at concentrations ranging from 500-1000 µM. Viral production is measured by p24 antigen ELISA. Cell viability is assessed by MTT assays to confirm non-toxic concentrations. These cellular assays are crucial for understanding the functional consequences of Tat inhibition and for validating the compound's activity as an HIV-1 inhibitor.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo efficacy of Thiamine disulfide is evaluated in animal models of HIV-1 infection. The compound is administered orally or by injection. Viral load, CD4+ T cell counts, and clinical outcomes are monitored.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Thiamine disulfide is a lipophilic derivative of vitamin B1 with increased lipid solubility compared to water-soluble thiamine salts. This property may enhance cellular uptake and tissue distribution. Pharmacokinetic parameters are determined in preclinical studies.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Thiamine disulfide has been evaluated for toxicity at concentrations up to 1000 µM in cell culture. Standard toxicology studies in animals assess safety margins. As a vitamin B1 derivative, the compound is expected to have a favorable safety profile.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Thiamine disulfide is an aminopyrimidine, allyl alcohol, formamide, and organic disulfide. See also: Thiamine disulfide (note moved to).
Thiamine disulfide (CAS 67-16-3) is a research compound for laboratory use only. It is a vitamin B1 derivative and oxidized dimer of Thiamine. The compound is a potent HIV-1 inhibitor that targets Tat activity. It is also known as Daisazin. No clinical approval for HIV treatment has been reported. The compound should be stored according to the manufacturer's recommendations, typically at -20°C, to ensure stability. When handling Thiamine disulfide, researchers should follow standard safety protocols for handling chemical reagents, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment and working in a well-ventilated area. |
| Molecular Formula |
C24H34N8O4S2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
562.71
|
| Exact Mass |
562.214
|
| CAS # |
67-16-3
|
| PubChem CID |
3001376
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
886.1±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
177ºC
|
| Flash Point |
489.7±34.3 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.669
|
| LogP |
2.79
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
12
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
13
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
38
|
| Complexity |
767
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
CC1=NC=C(C(=N1)N)CN(/C(=C(/SS/C(=C(/N(C=O)CC2=CN=C(N=C2N)C)\C)/CCO)\CCO)/C)C=O
|
| InChi Key |
GFEGEDUIIYDMOX-YHARCJFQSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H34N8O4S2/c1-15(31(13-35)11-19-9-27-17(3)29-23(19)25)21(5-7-33)37-38-22(6-8-34)16(2)32(14-36)12-20-10-28-18(4)30-24(20)26/h9-10,13-14,33-34H,5-8,11-12H2,1-4H3,(H2,25,27,29)(H2,26,28,30)/b21-15+,22-16+
|
| Chemical Name |
N-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-N-[(E)-3-[[(E)-2-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formylamino]-5-hydroxypent-2-en-3-yl]disulfanyl]-5-hydroxypent-2-en-2-yl]formamide
|
| Synonyms |
Daiomin; Algoneurina; Thiamine disulfide
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~444.28 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.7771 mL | 8.8856 mL | 17.7711 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3554 mL | 1.7771 mL | 3.5542 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1777 mL | 0.8886 mL | 1.7771 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
