| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate targets Zika Virus NS2B-NS3 protease (IC₅₀ = 2.3 μM)[1]
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| ln Vitro |
Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (TF-3; 6.25, 12.5, 25 μM; 24 hours) dose-dependently and dramatically lowers the amount of viral RNA copies and the expression of the NS3 and U87 MG proteins [1]. ZIKV replication in Vero E6 cells is inhibited by theaflavin 3,3'-digallate in a dose-dependent manner (EC50=7.65 μM). Up to 40 μM, theaflavin 3,3'-digallate exhibits a modest cytotoxic effect on Vero E6 cells. At the transcription and translation levels of genes, theaflavin 3,3'-digallate can impede post-entry processes in the ZIKV replication cycle [1]. It is generally accepted that theaflavin 3,3'-digallate inhibits carcinogenesis without causing unfavorable side effects by interfering with multiple signal transduction pathways, including p53 and p21 up-regulation, Akt phosphorylation inhibition, and MAPK pathways. components that are active. A downregulation of NF-κB modifies the ratio of pro-to anti-apoptotic proteins. Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate causes the expression of phospho-ERK1/2 and -MEK1/2 proteins to rapidly and persistently decline. HCT116 cell growth is inhibited by theaflavin 3,3'-digallate, with an IC50 of 17.26 μM[2].
Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate specifically inhibits the catalytic activity of Zika Virus NS2B-NS3 protease in a concentration-dependent manner; it also suppresses Zika virus replication in Vero cells with an EC₅₀ of 5.6 μM, showing a therapeutic index (TI = EC₅₀/CC₅₀) of approximately 2.4[1] Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate exerts antiproliferative activity against HCT116 colon cancer cells, with pre-treatment (adding the compound before cell culture) showing higher inhibitory efficacy than concurrent treatment; it reduces cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner (10-80 μM) after 48 hours of incubation, with an IC₅₀ of approximately 45 μM, and induces apoptosis by increasing caspase-3 activity[2] |
| Enzyme Assay |
For Zika Virus NS2B-NS3 protease inhibition assay: Prepare recombinant Zika Virus NS2B-NS3 protease and a fluorogenic peptide substrate specific to the protease; prepare reaction mixtures containing different concentrations of Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (0.1-10 μM), protease, and substrate in assay buffer (pH 8.0); incubate the mixture at 37°C for 60 minutes; measure the fluorescence intensity of the cleaved substrate using a microplate reader (excitation wavelength 320 nm, emission wavelength 405 nm); calculate the inhibition rate and determine the IC₅₀ value[1]
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| Cell Assay |
Western Blot analysis [1]
Cell Types: Vero E6 Cell Tested Concentrations: 6.25, 12.5, 25 μM Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours) Experimental Results: NS3, U87 MG protein expression was Dramatically diminished in a dose-dependent manner. For Zika virus replication inhibition assay: Culture Vero cells in DMEM medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum; seed cells in 96-well plates and incubate until 80% confluence; treat cells with serial concentrations of Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (0.5-50 μM) for 2 hours, then infect with Zika virus at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1; incubate for 72 hours; detect virus titer via plaque assay and cell viability via MTT assay to calculate EC₅₀ and CC₅₀[1] For HCT116 cell antiproliferative assay: Divide the experiment into pre-treatment and concurrent treatment groups; for pre-treatment, incubate HCT116 cells with Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (10-80 μM) for 2 hours, then replace with fresh medium and continue culturing for 48 hours; for concurrent treatment, add the compound and culture medium simultaneously and incubate for 48 hours; evaluate cell viability via MTT assay, and detect caspase-3 activity using a colorimetric assay kit to assess apoptosis[2] |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Theaflavins 3,3'-digallate are the main theaflavins naturally present in black tea, formed by the oxidation of catechins during tea fermentation [1][2]. Their mechanism of inhibiting Zika virus involves binding to the active site of Zika virus NS2B-NS3 protease, preventing substrate cleavage and viral polymer processing [1]. Pretreatment with theaflavins 3,3'-digallate showed higher antiproliferative efficacy in HCT116 cells, which may be related to increased cellular uptake or earlier intervention in cell cycle progression [2].
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| Molecular Formula |
C43H32O20
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
868.70
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| Exact Mass |
868.148
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| CAS # |
30462-35-2
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| Appearance |
Brown to red solid powder
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| Density |
2.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
1324.7±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
226-230℃
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| Flash Point |
402.9±27.8 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.908
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| LogP |
3.88
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~115.11 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.88 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.88 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: 50 mg/mL (57.56 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.1511 mL | 5.7557 mL | 11.5115 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2302 mL | 1.1511 mL | 2.3023 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1151 mL | 0.5756 mL | 1.1511 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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