The growth of Candida albicans ATCC 44859 was decreased by terconazole in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the effect was minimal at 0.1 to 10 μM when the yeast was cultured on medium that supported cell morphology. Terconazole's capacity to reduce yeast cell viability differs according on the type and strain of the parasite being examined. Candida albicans ATCC 44859's sensitivity to terconazole was greatly increased when it was cultivated on Eagle's minimal essential medium, which aided in the mycelium's development. The alterations occur in a sequence, starting at 0.1 μM terconazole and ending with total necrosis at 100 μM [1]. At doses of 0.008 to 0.05 μg/mL, terconazole inhibits the morphogenetic transition of yeast to filamentous forms [2].

A 3-day, once-daily intravaginal administration of terconazole 0.8% is typically sufficient to produce a 7-day functional therapeutic period due to the vagina's long-lasting high bioactive antifungal levels. At whatever terconazole concentration, no negative effects were noted [2].

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Following intravaginal administration of terconazole, the absorption rate was 5-8% in 3 subjects who had undergone hysterectomy and 12-16% in 2 subjects who had not undergone hysterectomy but had tubal ligation. Following oral administration of 30 mg of 14C-labeled terconazole, the radioactive material was primarily excreted via the kidneys (32-56%) and feces (47-52%). Metabolism/Metabolites Systemically absorbed drugs appear to be metabolized rapidly and extensively. Terconazole primarily undergoes oxidative N- and O-dealkylation, dioxolane cleavage, and conjugation reactions. Biological Half-Life 6.9 hours (range 4.0-11.3 hours)

Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Overview of Medication Use During Lactation: The use of terconazole vaginal preparations during lactation has not been studied. Other antifungal medications may be more appropriate, especially for breastfed newborns or premature infants. ◉ Effects on Breastfed Infants: No published information found as of the revision date. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breast Milk: No published information found as of the revision date.

---

Protein Binding Rate
94.9%

[1]. Anticandidal activities of terconazole, a broad-spectrum antimycotic. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Jun;29(6):986-91.

[2]. The in vitro activity of terconazole against yeasts: its topical long-acting therapeutic efficacy in experimental vaginal candidiasis in rats. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991 Oct;165(4 Pt 2):1200-6.

(2R,4S)-Ticonazole is a 1-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolane-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)-4-isopropylpiperazine, wherein the 1,3-dioxolane moiety has R and S configurations at positions 2 and 4, respectively. It is the enantiomer of (2S,4R)-Ticonazole. Ticonazole is a prescription antifungal drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Vulvovaginal candidiasis may be an opportunistic infection (OI) of HIV. Ticonazole is an antifungal drug primarily used to treat vaginal yeast infections (or vaginal candidiasis). It is classified as a triazolone derivative. Ticonazole was initially approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1987. This drug is available in both cream and suppository formulations, and clinical trials have shown that both formulations have high safety, efficacy, and tolerability. Due to the presence of two stereocenters, teconazole has four possible stereoisomers. Teconazole is a synthetic triazole derivative whose structure is related to the antifungal drug fluconazole. Teconazole appears to disrupt cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, thereby damaging the fungal cell membrane, altering its permeability, and promoting the loss of essential intracellular components. Teconazole is effective against Candida spp. (NCI04). Drug Indications For the treatment of vulvar and vaginal candidiasis (a yeast-like fungal infection). FDA Label Mechanism of Action Teconazole likely exerts its antifungal activity by disrupting the normal permeability of the fungal cell membrane. Terconazole and other triazole antifungals inhibit cytochrome P450 14α-demethylase in susceptible fungi, leading to the accumulation of lanosterol and other methylated sterols, as well as a decrease in ergosterol concentration. The depletion of ergosterol in the cell membrane disrupts the structure and function of fungal cells, resulting in reduced or inhibited fungal growth.

---

Pharmacodynamics
Teraconazole is a triazole antifungal drug that can be used vaginally. The structure of terconazole is related to imidazole antifungals, but terconazole and other triazole compounds contain three nitrogen atoms on their azole ring. Terconazole inhibits ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting 14α-demethylase (lanosterol 14α-demethylase). The reduction of ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane disrupts the structure and many functions of the fungal cell membrane, thereby inhibiting fungal growth.

C26H31CL2N5O3

532.466

531.18

67915-31-5

Terconazole-d4;1398065-50-3

441383

White to off-white solid powder

1.35g/cm3

681.8ºC at 760mmHg

126.3ºC

366.2ºC

1.64

4.465

0

7

8

36

693

2

CC(C)N1CCN(CC1)C2=CC=C(C=C2)OC[C@H]3CO[C@](O3)(CN4C=NC=N4)C5=C(C=C(C=C5)Cl)Cl

BLSQLHNBWJLIBQ-OZXSUGGESA-N

InChI=1S/C26H31Cl2N5O3/c1-19(2)31-9-11-32(12-10-31)21-4-6-22(7-5-21)34-14-23-15-35-26(36-23,16-33-18-29-17-30-33)24-8-3-20(27)13-25(24)28/h3-8,13,17-19,23H,9-12,14-16H2,1-2H3/t23-,26-/m0/s1

1-[4-[[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-4-propan-2-ylpiperazine

R 42,470; R-42,470; R42,470

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ≥ 30 mg/mL (~56.34 mM)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.91 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

---

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.91 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

---

View More

Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.91 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

---

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)