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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Sulfo-NHS targets carboxyl groups on molecules such as proteins, peptides, and small molecules. In the presence of a carbodiimide like EDC, Sulfo-NHS reacts with carboxyl groups to form a stable, water-soluble Sulfo-NHS ester intermediate. This intermediate is more reactive towards primary amines than the original carboxyl group, facilitating the formation of stable amide bonds. Sulfo-NHS itself does not have a biological target; rather, it is a chemical reagent used to modify molecules for bioconjugation applications.
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| ln Vitro |
The ADC is made up of a preamp to which the ADC input connects the ADC cytotoxin [1].
In vitro, sulfo-NHS is used as a modifying reagent that, in the presence of a cross-linking reagent like carbodiimide or EDAC, converts carboxyl groups to more reactive intermediates. These intermediates then react with primary amines to form stable amide bonds. Sulfo-NHS is used to prepare hydrophilic active esters for protein cross-linking. It is also used to activate carboxylic acids for coupling, biotinylation, and conjugation with fluorophores. Its water solubility makes it ideal for aqueous protein labeling without the need for organic solvents. |
| ln Vivo |
Sulfo-NHS is not used in vivo as a therapeutic agent; it is a research reagent used for bioconjugation and protein labeling. It is used to activate carboxyl groups on biomolecules for subsequent conjugation to amines. The water-soluble Sulfo-NHS esters formed are stable and can be used in aqueous environments for labeling proteins, antibodies, and other biomolecules.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Sulfo-NHS is a chemical reagent, and its "activity" is measured by its ability to activate carboxyl groups and form stable ester intermediates. In a typical assay, a carboxyl-containing molecule is incubated with EDC and sulfo-NHS in an aqueous buffer at pH 5-6. The formation of the sulfo-NHS ester intermediate can be monitored spectrophotometrically. The efficiency of activation is assessed by the subsequent reaction with a primary amine-containing molecule, and the extent of conjugation is measured.
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| Cell Assay |
Sulfo-NHS is dissolved in aqueous buffers and applied to proteins or other molecules containing carboxyl groups. The reaction is typically carried out in MES or PBS buffer at pH 5-6. EDC is added to activate the carboxyl groups, and sulfo-NHS is added to stabilize the active ester intermediate. After incubation, the reaction is quenched, and the labeled or crosslinked product is purified.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Sulfo-NHS has a molecular weight of 217.13 g/mol and a molecular formula of C4H4NNaO6S. It is a water-soluble reagent. The compound is typically stored as a powder at -20°C for long-term stability. Sulfo-NHS is also known as N-Hydroxysulfosuccinimide sodium salt or SNHS. It is used as a crosslinking agent for preparing hydrophilic active esters.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Sulfo-NHS is considered to have low toxicity for research use. It is a chemical reagent that should be handled with appropriate safety precautions. It may cause skin and eye irritation. Inhalation and ingestion should be avoided. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) should be used when handling the compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Sulfo-NHS is a water-soluble reagent commonly used in bioconjugation and protein labeling techniques. It is a peptide condensing agent that can form a stable active ester intermediate, used to prepare hydrophilic active esters. Sulfo-NHS is not a crosslinker on its own but an additive used with carbodiimides like EDC. EDC activates carboxyl groups, and Sulfo-NHS reacts with this intermediate to form a stable, water-soluble Sulfo-NHS ester. This ester then reacts with primary amines to form stable amide bonds.
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| Molecular Formula |
C4H4NNAO6S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
217.1324
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| Exact Mass |
216.965
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| CAS # |
106627-54-7
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| PubChem CID |
3520574
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Melting Point |
250 °C (dec.)(lit.)
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
331
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
RPENMORRBUTCPR-UHFFFAOYSA-M
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C4H5NO6S.Na/c6-3-1-2(12(9,10)11)4(7)5(3)8;/h2,8H,1H2,(H,9,10,11);/q;+1/p-1
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| Chemical Name |
sodium;1-hydroxy-2,5-dioxopyrrolidine-3-sulfonate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~5.56 mg/mL (~25.61 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 0.56 mg/mL (2.58 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 5.6 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 0.56 mg/mL (2.58 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 5.6 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 0.56 mg/mL (2.58 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.6055 mL | 23.0277 mL | 46.0554 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9211 mL | 4.6055 mL | 9.2111 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4606 mL | 2.3028 mL | 4.6055 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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