| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), tyrosinase, and microbial cell targets (antibacterial activity).
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In comparison to the other three medications studied, glycyrrhetinic acid (GRA) and disodium succinylglycyrrhetinate (GR-SU) shown substantial antibacterial efficacy. GRA and GR-SU show bacteriostatic effects at 1x MIC concentration, but bactericidal activity at higher concentrations (above 2x MIC) [1].
In vitro studies show that stearyl glycyrrhetinate exhibits antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) greater than 256 mg/L. The compound demonstrates antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and has been reported to possess tyrosinase inhibitory activity. In the context of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), related glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives improve hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome and restoring bile acid homeostasis through FXR activation. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies have demonstrated that stearyl glycyrrhetinate and related glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives can improve hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in models of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The compound's anti-inflammatory effects are mediated through inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and restoration of bile acid homeostasis via farnesoid X receptor activation. Topical application of stearyl glycyrrhetinate has been reported to accelerate recovery from facial seborrheic dermatitis and prevent flare-ups.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
For antimicrobial activity assessment, in vitro assays typically involve determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against bacterial strains such as Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA. Bacterial cultures are grown in appropriate media and incubated with serial dilutions of stearyl glycyrrhetinate. The MIC is determined as the lowest compound concentration that inhibits visible bacterial growth after overnight incubation at 37°C. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity is assessed using enzymatic assays with L-tyrosine or L-DOPA as substrates, measuring the inhibition of melanin formation spectrophotometrically.
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| Cell Assay |
Antibacterial activity is evaluated using standard broth microdilution or agar dilution methods against a panel of bacterial strains including Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Bacterial cultures are adjusted to a standard inoculum density and incubated with serial dilutions of stearyl glycyrrhetinate in 96-well plates. After incubation at 37°C for 18-24 hours, the optical density is measured to determine bacterial growth inhibition. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is calculated as the lowest concentration showing no visible bacterial growth. Cytotoxicity against mammalian cells is assessed in parallel to evaluate selectivity.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo efficacy studies for stearyl glycyrrhetinate are typically conducted in rodent models of inflammation, such as carrageenan-induced paw edema or chemically induced dermatitis models. For NASH research, mice are fed a high-fat diet to induce hepatic steatosis and then treated with the compound via oral administration. Parameters assessed include liver histology, serum biomarkers of liver function, inflammatory cytokine levels, and hepatic lipid content. Topical formulations are tested in models of skin inflammation or dermatitis to evaluate barrier repair and anti-inflammatory effects.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of stearyl glycyrrhetinate have been characterized in preclinical studies. As a lipophilic ester of glycyrrhetinic acid, the compound exhibits good skin penetration and topical bioavailability, making it suitable for dermatological applications. Following oral administration, the compound is likely metabolized to release the active glycyrrhetinic acid moiety. Key pharmacokinetic parameters include absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion profiles, which are typically determined using LC-MS/MS analysis of plasma and tissue samples. The compound's high molecular weight (723.18) and lipophilic nature influence its bioavailability and tissue distribution.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological evaluation indicates that stearyl glycyrrhetinate is generally well-tolerated in topical and oral applications at recommended concentrations. Related glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives have established safety profiles in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. Standard toxicology assessments include acute and repeated-dose toxicity studies, skin irritation and sensitization tests, and evaluation of effects on liver and kidney function. The compound's natural origin and long history of use in licorice-derived products support its favorable safety profile for research and cosmetic applications, though comprehensive toxicology data specific to the stearyl ester may be limited.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Stearyl glycyrrhetinate is a naturally derived compound with multiple biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and tyrosinase-inhibitory properties. It is used in cosmetic formulations for its skin-soothing and anti-inflammatory effects, and in pharmaceutical research for its potential in treating inflammatory conditions and microbial infections. The compound is not currently approved as a drug but is widely used as a cosmetic ingredient and research chemical. Its mechanism of action involves inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome, modulation of bile acid homeostasis through FXR, and direct antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C48H82O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
723.1623
|
| Exact Mass |
722.621
|
| CAS # |
13832-70-7
|
| PubChem CID |
10700068
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
732.5±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
70-77ºC
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| Flash Point |
198.8±26.4 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±5.4 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.525
|
| LogP |
16.03
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
19
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
52
|
| Complexity |
1250
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
9
|
| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)[C@]1(CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC(=O)[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)O)C)C)[C@@H]2C1)C)C)C
|
| InChi Key |
WNIFXKPDILJURQ-JKPOUOEOSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C48H82O4/c1-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24-33-52-42(51)45(5)30-29-44(4)31-32-47(7)36(37(44)35-45)34-38(49)41-46(6)27-26-40(50)43(2,3)39(46)25-28-48(41,47)8/h34,37,39-41,50H,9-33,35H2,1-8H3/t37-,39-,40-,41+,44+,45-,46-,47+,48+/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
octadecyl (2S,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aS,14bR)-10-hydroxy-2,4a,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-13-oxo-3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,14b-dodecahydro-1H-picene-2-carboxylate
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
Ethanol : ~25 mg/mL (~34.57 mM)
DMSO :< 1 mg/mL |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (3.46 mM) in 10% EtOH + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (3.46 mM) in 10% EtOH + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.46 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.3828 mL | 6.9141 mL | 13.8282 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2766 mL | 1.3828 mL | 2.7656 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1383 mL | 0.6914 mL | 1.3828 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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